ArticleBlood transfusion = Trasfusione del sangue2017
Washing in hypotonic saline reduces the fraction of irreversibly-damaged cells in stored blood: a proof-of-concept study.
Article in Blood transfusion = Trasfusione del sangue, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed, 10 citations in OpenAlex.
- Bacterial adhesion and erythrocyte integrity on polycaprolactone nanowire surfaces.RSC advances · 2025Article
- Deep ensemble learning enables highly accurate classification of stored red blood cell morphology.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Erythrocyte interaction with titanium nanostructured surfaces.In vitro models · 2022Article
- Dynamics of shape recovery by stored red blood cells during washing at the single cell level.Transfusion · 2020Article
- Temozolomide in Combination With NF-κB Inhibitor Significantly Disrupts the Glioblastoma Multiforme Spheroid Formation.IEEE open journal of engineering in medicine and biology · 2020Article
- Centrifugation-free washing reduces buildup of potassium and free hemoglobin in washed red blood cells after the procedure.American journal of hematology · 2018Article
- Centrifugation-free washing: A novel approach for removing immunoglobulin A from stored red blood cells.American journal of hematology · 2018Article
- Fluorescence Exclusion: A Simple Method to Assess Projected Surface, Volume and Morphology of Red Blood Cells Stored in Blood Bank.Frontiers in medicine · 2018Article
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundDuring hypothermic storage, a substantial fraction of red blood cells (RBCs) transforms from flexible discocytes to rigid sphero-echinocytes and spherocytes. Infusion of these irreversibly-damaged cells into the recipient during transfusion serves no therapeutic purpose and may contribute to adverse outcomes in some patients. In this proof-of-concept study we describe the use of hypotonic washing for selective removal of the irreversibly-damaged cells from stored blood. MATERIALS AND
methodsStored RBCs were mixed with saline of various concentrations to identify optimal concentration for inducing osmotic swelling and selective bursting of spherical cells (sphero-echinocytes, spherocytes), while minimising indiscriminate lysis of other RBCs. Effectiveness of optimal treatment was assessed by measuring morphology, rheological properties, and surface phosphatidylserine (PS) exposure for cells from several RBCs units (n=5, CPD>AS-1, leucoreduced, 6 weeks storage duration) washed in hypotonic vs isotonic saline.
resultsWashing in mildly hypotonic saline (0.585 g/dL, osmolality: 221.7±2.3 mmol/kg) reduced the fraction of spherical cells 3-fold from 9.5±3.4% to 3.2±2.8%, while cutting PS exposure in half from 1.48±0.86% to 0.59±0.29%. Isotonic washing had no effect on PS exposure or the fraction of spherical cells. Both isotonic and hypotonic washing increased the fraction of well-preserved cells (discocytes, echinocytes 1) substantially, and improved the ability of stored RBCs to perfuse an artificial microvascular network by approximately 25%, as compared with the initial sample. DISCUSSION: This study demonstrated that washing in hypotonic saline could selectively remove a significant fraction of the spherical and PS-exposing cells from stored blood, while significantly improving the rheological properties of remaining well-preserved RBCs. Further studies are needed to access the potential effect from hypotonic washing on transfusion outcomes.
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