ArticleBMC infectious diseases2017
Decreasing seroprevalence of herpes simplex virus type 1 and type 2 in Germany leaves many people susceptible to genital infection: time to raise awareness and enhance control.
Article in BMC infectious diseases, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 55 citations in OpenAlex.
- Herpes simplex virus type 1 in Europe: systematic review, meta-analyses and meta-regressions.BMJ global health · 2020Pooled it
- Herpes simplex virus: global infection prevalence and incidence estimates, 2016.Bulletin of the World Health Organization · 2020Pooled it
- Herpes simplex virus type 1 interferes with signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 expression in infected mature dendritic cells.The Journal of general virology · 2026Article
- Projected public health benefits of a hypothetical HSV-1 vaccine in the United States: A mathematical modeling analysis.Science advances · 2026Article
- Genital Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV) Infection During Pregnancy - Recommendations of the Working Group on Obstetrics and Prenatal Medicine (AGG - Section on Maternal Disorders).Geburtshilfe und Frauenheilkunde · 2026Article
- [Management of genital herpes].Dermatologie (Heidelberg, Germany) · 2026Review
- Serotype-specific host proteome remodeling in human foreskin fibroblasts during lytic HSV-1 and HSV-2 infection.Virology journal · 2025Article
- HSV-1 infection induces a downstream shift of the +1 nucleosome.Journal of virology · 2025Article
- A Contemporary Insight Into the Seroepidemiology of Herpes Simplex Virus Infection in the Sub-Himalayan Region: Seroepidemiology of HSV Infection in North India.TheScientificWorldJournal · 2025Article
- Anti-Herpetic Activity of Killer Peptide (KP): An In Vitro Study.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Epidemiology of herpes simplex virus type 1 in the United States: Systematic review, meta-analyses, and meta-regressions.iScience · 2024Article
- Screening for TORCH Antibodies in Croatian Childbearing-Aged Women, 2014-2023.Antibodies (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Human in vivo evidence of associations between herpes simplex virus and cerebral amyloid-beta load in normal aging.Alzheimer's research & therapy · 2024Article
- Article
- Seroepidemiology of Herpes Simplex Viruses Type 1 and 2 in Pregnant Women in Croatia.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2024Article
- Alterations in pathogen-specific cellular and humoral immunity associated with acute peripheral facial palsy of infectious origin.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2023Observational
- Characteristics of neonatal herpes simplex virus infections in Germany: results of a 2-year prospective nationwide surveillance study.Archives of disease in childhood. Fetal and neonatal edition · 2022Article
- Review
- Herpes Simplex Virus 1 (HSV-1) 0ΔNLS Live-Attenuated Vaccine Protects against Ocular HSV-1 Infection in the Absence of Neutralizing Antibody in HSV-1 gB T Cell Receptor-Specific Transgenic Mice.Journal of virology · 2020Article
- Article
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundHerpes simplex infections (HSV1/2) are characterized by recurrent symptoms, a risk of neonatal herpes, and the facilitation of HIV transmission. In Germany, HSV1/2 infections are not notifiable and data are scarce. A previous study found higher HSV1/2 seroprevalences in women in East Germany than in women in West Germany. We assessed changes in the HSV1/2 seroprevalences over time and investigated determinants associated with HSV1/2 seropositivity to guide prevention and control.
methodsThe study was based on the German Health Interview and Examination Survey for Adults (DEGS; 2008-2011) and the German National Health Interview and Examination Survey (GNHIES; 1997-1999). We tested serum samples from DEGS participants for HSV1 and HSV2 immunoglobulin G. We used Pearson's χ
resultsIn total, 6627 DEGS participants were tested for HSV1, and 5013 were also tested for HSV2. Overall, HSV1 seroprevalence decreased significantly from 1997-1999 (82.1%; 95%CI 80.6-83.6) to 2008-2011 (78.4%; 95%CI 77.8-79.7). In the same period, overall HSV2 seroprevalence decreased significantly from 13.3% (95%CI 11.9-14.9) to 9.6% (95%CI 8.6-10.8), notably in 18-24-year-old men (10.4 to 0%) in East Germany. Women were more likely than men to be seropositive for HSV1 (PR 1.1) or HSV2 (PR 1.6). A lower level of education, smoking, and not speaking German were associated with HSV1 in both sexes. Women of older age, who smoked, or had a history of abortion and men of older age or who had not attended a nursery school during childhood were more often seropositive for HSV2.
conclusionThe reduced seroprevalences of HSV1 and HSV2 leave more people susceptible to genital HSV1/2 infections. Practitioners should be aware of HSV infection as a differential diagnosis for genital ulcers. We recommend educational interventions to raise awareness of the sexual transmission route of HSV1/2, possible consequences, and prevention. Interventions should especially target pregnant women, their partners, and people at risk of HIV.
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