Trial reportCell metabolism2017
Inhibition of IKKɛ and TBK1 Improves Glucose Control in a Subset of Patients with Type 2 Diabetes.
Trial report in Cell metabolism, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 103 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
103 citing papers in PubMed, 163 citations in OpenAlex.
- Discovery of N8: a novel IKKε inhibitor with potent anticancer activity via cytotoxicity, migration suppression, and autophagy modulation.Journal of enzyme inhibition and medicinal chemistry · 2026Article
- Beyond hypoxia and ccRCC: the expanding universe of VHL novel targets and next-generation therapeutics.Biomarker research · 2026Review
- Contemporary design of small-molecule kinase modulators: orthosteric, allosteric and induced-proximity strategies.Nature reviews. Drug discovery · 2026Review
- Tetherin enforces an immunometabolic checkpoint that coordinates glycolytic and interferon signaling in adipocytes.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Therapeutic targeting of the cGAS-STING pathway in human disease.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2026Review
- An LSEC-focused computational drug repurposing platform for liver fibrosis: Identification of vorinostat and other LSEC-protective candidates.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- A nutrient-responsive AMPK/TBK1 circuit restricts adipocyte catabolism.JCI insight · 2026Article
- Pharmacological inhibition of G protein-coupled receptor kinase 5 decreases high-fat diet-induced hepatic steatosis in mice.Biochemical and biophysical research communications · 2026Article
- Immunometabolism in obesity: Understanding the beneficial and detrimental roles of inflammation.PLoS biology · 2026Article
- Amlexanox inhibits production of type I interferon and suppresses B cell differentiationRMD open · 2025Article
- Metabolic Improvements With Tirzepatide in Lipodystrophy: A Novel Option?Diabetes care · 2025Observational
- Adipose progenitor cell-derived extracellular vesicles suppress macrophage M1 program to alleviate midlife obesity.Nature communications · 2025Article
- TANK-Binding Kinase 1 in the Pathogenesis and Treatment of Inflammation-Related Diseases.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Amlexanox targeted inhibition of TBK1 regulates immune cell function to exacerbate DSS-induced inflammatory bowel disease.Clinical and experimental immunology · 2025Article
- TBK1 Reprograms Metabolism in Breast Cancer: An Integrated Omics Approach.Journal of proteome research · 2025Article
- TBK1 inhibitor amlexanox exerts anti-cancer effects against endometrial cancer by regulating AKT/NF-κB signaling.International journal of biological sciences · 2025Article
- Unlocking therapeutic potential of amlexanox in MASH with insights into bile acid metabolism and microbiome.Npj gut and liver · 2025Article
- DNA sensors in metabolic and cardiovascular diseases: Molecular mechanisms and therapeutic prospects.Immunological reviews · 2025Review
- Transcriptional control of metabolism by interferon regulatory factors.Nature reviews. Endocrinology · 2024Review
- Is it time to rethink the relationship between adipose inflammation and insulin resistance?The Journal of clinical investigation · 2024Article
43 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
22 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Numerous studies indicate an inflammatory link between obesity and type 2 diabetes. The inflammatory kinases IKKɛ and TBK1 are elevated in obesity; their inhibition in obese mice reduces weight, insulin resistance, fatty liver and inflammation. Here we studied amlexanox, an inhibitor of IKKɛ and TBK1, in a proof-of-concept randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study of 42 obese patients with type 2 diabetes and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Treatment of patients with amlexanox produced a statistically significant reduction in Hemoglobin A1c and fructosamine. Interestingly, a subset of drug responders also exhibited improvements in insulin sensitivity and hepatic steatosis. This subgroup was characterized by a distinct inflammatory gene expression signature from biopsied subcutaneous fat at baseline. They also exhibited a unique pattern of gene expression changes in response to amlexanox, consistent with increased energy expenditure. Together, these data suggest that dual-specificity inhibitors of IKKɛ and TBK1 may be effective therapies for metabolic disease in an identifiable subset of patients.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.