ArticleFrontiers in psychology2017
Spacing Repetitions Over Long Timescales: A Review and a Reconsolidation Explanation.
Article in Frontiers in psychology, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 29 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
29 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Towards best practice in developing motor skills: a systematic review on spacing in VR simulator-based psychomotor training for surgical novices.BMC medical education · 2023Pooled it
- The effects of high versus low frequency of combined physical and cognitive training on cognitive function in older adults with cognitive decline: a quasi-experimental study.BMC geriatrics · 2023Trial
- Impact of 3-Day Combined Anodal Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation-Visuospatial Training on Object-Location Memory in Healthy Older Adults and Patients with Mild Cognitive Impairment.Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD · 2020Trial
- The Right Time for a Synapse to Change: Windows and Mechanisms of Multiday Training Trials.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2026Article
- Salient Memory: Effects of Distributed Learning on Cortical Regions During Memory Retrieval.Human brain mapping · 2025Article
- Eklavya-Do-It-Yourself Model: A Rolled Latex Sheet Conduit for Microsurgical Training.Indian journal of plastic surgery : official publication of the Association of Plastic Surgeons of India · 2025Article
- Dose-response effects of reported meditation practice on mental-health and wellbeing: A prospective longitudinal study.Applied psychology. Health and well-being · 2025Article
- The spacing effect in remote information-integration category learning.Memory & cognition · 2024Article
- Intermittent Theta Burst Stimulation Combined with Cognitive Training to Improve Negative Symptoms and Cognitive Impairment in Schizophrenia: A Pilot Study.Brain sciences · 2024Article
- Network motifs exhibiting a differential response to spaced and massed inputs.Learning & memory (Cold Spring Harbor, N.Y.) · 2024Article
- The effect of duration between sessions on microperimetric biofeedback training in patients with maculopathies.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Reexamining models of early learning in the digital age: Applications for learning in the wild.Journal of applied research in memory and cognition · 2023Article
- Long-term Memory Testing in Children With Typical Development and Neurodevelopmental Disorders: Remote Web-based Image Task Feasibility Study.JMIR pediatrics and parenting · 2023Article
- On screen experiment showed that becoming a parent for the first time shifted people's priorities from themselves to their infant at 1 year of age.Acta paediatrica (Oslo, Norway : 1992) · 2023Article
- Inter-brain plasticity as a biological mechanism of change in psychotherapy: A review and integrative model.Frontiers in human neuroscience · 2022Review
- Education and skills training for care partners of hospitalised older adults: A scoping review.Health education journal · 2021Article
- Distributed learning episodes create a context fear memory outside the hippocampus that depends on perirhinal and anterior cingulate cortices.Learning & memory (Cold Spring Harbor, N.Y.) · 2021Article
- Knowledge, skills, and confidence among healthcare staff in urinary catheterization.Canadian Urological Association journal = Journal de l'Association des urologues du Canada · 2021Article
- Anterior knee translation measurements after ACL reconstruction are influenced by the type of laximeter used.Knee surgery, sports traumatology, arthroscopy : official journal of the ESSKA · 2020Article
- Caregiver's Recall of Stroke Discharge Education Exceeds Patients and Is Associated With Greater Satisfaction.Journal of patient experience · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Recent accounts of the spacing effect have proposed molecular explanations that explain spacing over short, but not long timescales. In the first half of this paper, we review research on the spacing effect that has employed spaces of 24 h or more across skill-related tasks, language-related tasks and generalization for adults and children. Throughout this review, we distinguish between learning and retention by defining learning (or acquisition) as performance at the end of training and retention as performance after a delay period. Using this distinction, we find age- and task-related differences in the manifestation of the spacing effect over long timescales. In the second half of this paper, we discuss a reconsolidation account of the spacing effect. In particular, we review the evidence that suggests the spacing of repetitions influences the subsequent consolidation and reconsolidation processes; we explain how a reconsolidation account may explain the findings for learning; the inverted-U curve for retention; and compare the reconsolidation account with previous consolidation accounts of the spacing effect.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.