ArticleContact dermatitis2017
Biological monitoring of dermal and air exposure to cobalt at a Swedish hard metal production plant: does dermal exposure contribute to uptake?
Article in Contact dermatitis, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 34 citations in OpenAlex.
- The role of cobalt exposure in the incidence of cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC public health · 2026Pooled it
- Quantitative skin exposure assessment of metals: a systematic literature review of current approaches for risk assessment using the construction industry as an exposure scenario.International archives of occupational and environmental health · 2020Pooled it
- Association between blood cobalt ion concentrations and anemia and cardiovascular diseases: novel evidence of toxicity resulting from metal implants.Frontiers in nutrition · 2025Article
- Retention of nickel, cobalt and chromium in skin at conditions mimicking intense hand hygiene practices using water, soap, and hand-disinfectant in vitro.Journal of occupational medicine and toxicology (London, England) · 2024Article
- Article
- Association between metal cobalt exposure and the risk of congenital heart defect occurrence in offspring: a multi-hospital case-control study.Environmental health and preventive medicine · 2020Article
- Dermal and inhalable cobalt exposure-Uptake of cobalt for workers at Swedish hard metal plants.PloS one · 2020Article
- Biomonitoring of Metal Exposure During Additive Manufacturing (3D Printing).Safety and health at work · 2019Article
- Neglected exposure route: cobalt on skin and its associations with urinary cobalt levels.Occupational and environmental medicine · 2018Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundOccupational exposure to cobalt is well established in hard metal manufacture. Cobalt is known to cause contact allergy, asthma, hard metal lung disease, and lung cancer. The relationship between skin exposure and uptake determined in blood has not been extensively investigated.
objectiveTo examine whether skin and inhalable air exposure to cobalt contributes to uptake, determined as cobalt in blood, in a hard metal manufacturing factory.
methodsThe amount of cobalt on the skin found with an acid wash technique, the air concentrations of inhalable cobalt and cobalt blood concentrations were determined and correlated in exposed workers.
resultsWe found a significant rank correlation for cobalt concentrations on the skin, in inhalable air, and in blood (0.376-0.498). Multiple linear regression showed significant regression coefficients for cobalt skin exposure and blood (B = 0.01, p < 0.05) and for inhalable cobalt in air and blood (B = 49.1, p < 0.001). According to our model based on data from the regression analyses, a twofold increase in skin exposure levels at different air concentrations caused a 3-14% increase in blood levels.
conclusionsOur data suggest that skin exposure to cobalt in the hard metal industry could affect the total uptake at the same order of magnitude as air exposure.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.