ArticleInternational journal for equity in health2017
The impact of racial discrimination on the health of Australian Indigenous children aged 5-10 years: analysis of national longitudinal data.
Article in International journal for equity in health, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 40 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
40 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 116 citations in OpenAlex.
- Potential Determinants of Cardio-Metabolic Risk among Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Review.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Pooled it
- School-Based Prevention in Very Remote Settings: A Feasibility Trial of Methods and Measures for the Evaluation of a Social Emotional Learning Program for Indigenous Students in Remote Northern Australia.Frontiers in public health · 2020Trial
- Racism and alterations in brain structure and function: A narrative review of emerging neuroimaging evidence in racialized individuals.Cognitive, affective & behavioral neuroscience · 2026Review
- Article
- Participatory development and proof-of-concept of an intersectionality-informed art-based group intervention for BIPoC girls.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Conceptions of child development, assessment, and health among indigenous families in primary care: a qualitative study.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
- Experience of racism in young people and future mental health in England: longitudinal analysis from the Next Steps Study.BMJ mental health · 2025Article
- Uncovering systemic barriers related to equity, diversity and inclusion in child health research: a scoping review addressing marginalised communities.BMJ global health · 2025Article
- Prenatal Maternal Stress and Pediatric Asthma Across Development: Adolescent Female-Specific Vulnerability.Child psychiatry and human development · 2025Article
- Longitudinal Study of Indigenous Children: adolescent never smoking and associations with individual, social, and environmental factors.Health promotion international · 2025Article
- Lateral violence and lateral empowerment in relation to young Indigenous populations across the CANZUS nations: a scoping review.Australian journal of psychology · 2025Review
- Impact of Weight Status on Hemodynamic Parameters and Aerobic Fitness in School-Aged Children: A Study in a Rural School Community.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2024Article
- To what extent could eliminating racial discrimination reduce inequities in mental health and sleep problems among Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander children? A causal mediation study.The Lancet regional health. Western Pacific · 2024Article
- Human Rights and Inclusion of Vulnerable Groups in Health and Well-Being Policy Documents Relevant to Children and Young People in Ireland.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2024Article
- Learning from community voices about lateral violence and lateral empowerment: a scoping review of grey literature.Australian journal of psychology · 2024Article
- Overweight/obesity and other predictors of gestational diabetes among Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal women in Western Australia.Preventive medicine reports · 2023Article
- Against the use of the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander children aged 2-15 years.The Australian and New Zealand journal of psychiatry · 2023Article
- Children's ethnic-racial identity and mothers' cultural socialization as protective in relations between sociocultural risk factors and children's internalizing behaviors.Cultural diversity & ethnic minority psychology · 2023Article
- Perinatal outcomes of Aboriginal women with mental health disorders.The Australian and New Zealand journal of psychiatry · 2023Article
- Patterns of Health and Health Service Use in a Prospective Cohort of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Children Aged 5-9 Years Living in Urban, Regional and Remote Areas of South Australia.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundA growing body of literature highlights that racial discrimination has negative impacts on child health, although most studies have been limited to an examination of direct forms of racism using cross-sectional data. We aim to provide further insights on the impact of early exposure to racism on child health using longitudinal data among Indigenous children in Australia and multiple indicators of racial discrimination.
methodsWe used data on 1239 Indigenous children aged 5-10 years from Waves 1-6 (2008-2013) of Footprints in Time, a longitudinal study of Indigenous children across Australia. We examined associations between three dimensions of carer-reported racial discrimination (measuring the direct experiences of children and vicarious exposure by their primary carer and family) and a range of physical and mental health outcomes. Analysis was conducted using multivariate logistic regression within a multilevel framework.
resultsTwo-fifths (40%) of primary carers, 45% of families and 14% of Indigenous children aged 5-10 years were reported to have experienced racial discrimination at some point in time, with 28-40% of these experiencing it persistently (reported at multiple time points). Primary carer and child experiences of racial discrimination were each associated with poor child mental health status (high risk of clinically significant emotional or behavioural difficulties), sleep difficulties, obesity and asthma, but not with child general health or injury. Children exposed to persistent vicarious racial discrimination were more likely to have sleep difficulties and asthma in multivariate models than those with a time-limited exposure.
conclusionsThe findings indicate that direct and persistent vicarious racial discrimination are detrimental to the physical and mental health of Indigenous children in Australia, and suggest that prolonged and more frequent exposure to racial discrimination that starts in the early lifecourse can impact on multiple domains of health in later life. Tackling and reducing racism should be an integral part of policy and intervention aimed at improving the health of Australian Indigenous children and thereby reducing health disparities between Indigenous and non-Indigenous children.
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