ArticlePloS one2017
APOE ε4-TOMM40 '523 haplotypes and the risk of Alzheimer's disease in older Caucasian and African Americans.
Article in PloS one, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 40 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
40 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 58 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- Genotypic Effects of the TOMM40'523 Variant and APOE on Longitudinal Cognitive Change over 4 Years: The TOMMORROW Study.The journal of prevention of Alzheimer's disease · 2023Trial
- Mitochondrial protein import stress causes lysosomal damage and progressive tissue atrophy.EMBO reports · 2026Article
- Genotyping TOMM40'523 poly-T polymorphisms using whole-genome sequencing.HGG advances · 2025Article
- Genetics and environmental determinants of Alzheimer's disease and related dementias in older Africans: a narrative review.Genes and environment : the official journal of the Japanese Environmental Mutagen Society · 2025Review
- The Genetics of Amyloid Deposition: A Systematic Review of Genome-Wide Association Studies Using Amyloid PET Imaging in Alzheimer's Disease.Journal of imaging · 2025Review
- Social factors associated with everyday functioning in older Black adults.Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society : JINS · 2025Article
- Greater BMI across the lifespan is associated with better midlife cognition: The Bogalusa Heart Study.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Examining the Performance of Polygenic Risk Scores for Alzheimer Disease Within and Across Populations UsingNeurology. Genetics · 2024Article
- Sex significantly predicts medial temporal volume when controlling for the influence of ApoE4 biomarker and demographic variables: A cross-ethnic comparison.Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society : JINS · 2024Article
- Alzheimer's disease cortical morphological phenotypes are associated with TOMM40'523-APOE haplotypes.Neurobiology of aging · 2023Article
- Bioinformatics pipeline to guide post-GWAS studies in Alzheimer's: A new catalogue of disease candidate short structural variants.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2023Article
- Race and sex differences in the association between lifespan glycemic status and midlife cognitive function: the Bogalusa heart study.Frontiers in public health · 2023Article
- Does ethnicity influence dementia, stroke and mortality risk? Evidence from the UK Biobank.Frontiers in public health · 2023Article
- Black and White individuals differ in dementia prevalence, risk factors, and symptomatic presentation.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2022Article
- Exercise Effects on Cognition in Older African Americans: A Pilot Randomized Trial.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2022Article
- Posterior cingulate cortex reveals an expression profile of resilience in cognitively intact elders.Brain communications · 2022Article
- TOMM40-APOE haplotypes are associated with cognitive decline in non-demented Blacks.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2021Article
- Identification of pleiotropy at the gene level between psychiatric disorders and related traits.Translational psychiatry · 2021Article
- TOMM40 and APOE variants synergistically increase the risk of Alzheimer's disease in a Chinese population.Aging clinical and experimental research · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
11 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Patterns of linkage between the ε4 allele of Apolipoprotein E (APOE) and '523 poly-T alleles in the adjacent gene, TOMM40, differ between Caucasian and African Americans. The extent to which this difference affects the risk of Alzheimer's disease (AD) is unclear. We compared the APOE ε4-TOMM40 '523 haplotypes between older Caucasian and African Americans, and examined their relationship with AD dementia. Data came from three community based cohort studies of diverse participants. APOE genotypes were determined by polymorphisms of rs429358 and rs7412. TOMM40 '523 genotypes were defined by the poly-T repeat length of rs10524523 (short ['523-S]: poly-T ≤ 19, long ['523-L]: 20 ≤ poly-T ≤ 29, and very long ['523-VL]: poly-T ≥ 30). Cox proportional hazards models examined the effect of haplotype variation on the risk of incident AD dementia. A total of 1,848 Caucasian and 540 African American individuals were included in the study. In Caucasians, nearly none (0.8%) of the non-ε4 carriers and almost all (94.2%) of the ε4 carriers had '523-L. The classification was highly concordant. Each ε4 allele doubled the risk for AD dementia and the dose effect was evident. Almost identical effect size and effect pattern were observed for TOMM40 '523-L. In African Americans, nearly none (1.1%) of the non-ε4 carriers had '523-L, but only 47.8% of the ε4 carriers had '523-L. The concordance was weaker compared with Caucasians. The effect patterns on incident AD dementia differed distinctively between ε4 and '523-L carriers. Further, both genotypic and allelic data support that among African Americans the ε4-'523-L haplotype had stronger effect on risk of AD dementia than other ε4-'523 haplotypes.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.