Observational studyAIDS research and human retroviruses2018
Malnutrition in HIV-Infected Children Is an Indicator of Severe Disease with an Impaired Response to Antiretroviral Therapy.
Observational study in AIDS research and human retroviruses, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 33 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
33 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 59 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Impact of Undernutrition and Anemia on HIV-Related Mortality Among Children on ART in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Journal of epidemiology and global health · 2024Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Mortality and its predictors among human immunodeficiency virus-infected children younger than 15 years receiving antiretroviral therapy in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC infectious diseases · 2024Pooled it
- Predictors of Treatment Failure in Children With HIV Starting First-line Antiretroviral Therapy in the ODYSSEY Trial.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2026Trial
- Trial
- Pharmacokinetics and Safety of Zidovudine, Lamivudine, and Lopinavir/Ritonavir in HIV-infected Children With Severe Acute Malnutrition in Sub-Saharan Africa: IMPAACT Protocol P1092.The Pediatric infectious disease journal · 2021Trial
- Hypoallergenic and anti-inflammatory feeds in children with complicated severe acute malnutrition: an open randomised controlled 3-arm intervention trial in Malawi.Scientific reports · 2019Trial
- Prevalence of undernutrition among children on anti-retroviral therapy at comprehensive specialized hospital: a cross-sectional study.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Factors influencing provider deviation from national HIV and nutritional guidelines for HIV-exposed children in western Kenya: a qualitative study.BMC health services research · 2024Article
- Growth Trajectories Over the First Year of Life Among Early-Treated Infants with Human Immunodeficiency Virus and Infants Who are Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Exposed Uninfected.The Journal of pediatrics · 2024Article
- Early Effects of Scaling Up Dolutegravir-Based ARV Regimens Among Children Living with HIV in Malawi.AIDS and behavior · 2024Article
- Micronutrients and nutritional status among children living with HIV with and without severe acute malnutrition: IMPAACT P1092.BMC nutrition · 2023Article
- Determinants of nonsuppression of HIV viral load among children receiving antiretroviral therapy in the Simiyu region: a cross-sectional study.AIDS research and therapy · 2023Article
- Article
- Rate, risk factors and estimations of time to develop severe acute malnutrition after children receiving antiretroviral therapy at selected health facilities in northwest Ethiopia.Journal of nutritional science · 2023Article
- Time to recovery from malnutrition and its predictors among human immunodeficiency virus positive children treated with ready-to-use therapeutic food in low resource setting area: A retrospective follow-up study.Health science reports · 2023Article
- Dyslipidemia and Nutritional Status of HIV-Infected Children and Adolescents on Antiretroviral Treatment at the Comprehensive Chronic Care and Training Center of Jimma Medical Center.HIV/AIDS (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2023Article
- Growth Anthropometrics as a Metric of Malnutrition Disparities Among Young Children Affected by HIV who are Orphaned Maternally, Paternally, or Totally in Western Kenya: A Retrospective Chart Review.Global pediatric health · 2023Article
- New diagnosis of mother-to-child transmission of HIV in 8 Latin-American countries during 2018.BMC infectious diseases · 2022Article
- Severe Acute Malnutrition (SAM) associated mortality rate of children attending HIV/AIDS care in North West Ethiopia, 2009-2019.SAGE open medicine · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
19 authors at 8 institutions in 5 countries.
Funding
Abstract
This observational study aimed to describe immunopathogenesis and treatment outcomes in children with and without severe acute malnutrition (SAM) and HIV-infection. We studied markers of microbial translocation (16sDNA), intestinal damage (iFABP), monocyte activation (sCD14), T-cell activation (CD38, HLA-DR) and immune exhaustion (PD1) in 32 HIV-infected children with and 41 HIV-infected children without SAM prior to initiation of antiretroviral therapy (ART) and cross-sectionally compared these children to 15 HIV-uninfected children with and 19 HIV-uninfected children without SAM. We then prospectively measured these markers and correlated them to treatment outcomes in the HIV-infected children at 48 weeks following initiation of ART. Plasma levels of 16sDNA, iFABP and sCD14 were measured by quantitative real time PCR, ELISA and Luminex, respectively. T cell phenotype markers were measured by flow cytometry. Multiple regression analysis was performed using generalized linear models (GLMs) and the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) approach for variable selection. Microbial translocation, T cell activation and exhaustion were increased in HIV-uninfected children with SAM compared to HIV-uninfected children without SAM. In HIV-infected children microbial translocation, immune activation, and exhaustion was strongly increased but did not differ by SAM-status. SAM was associated with increased mortality rates early after ART initiation. Malnutrition, age, microbial translocation, monocyte, and CD8 T cell activation were independently associated with decreased rates of CD4% immune recovery after 48 weeks of ART. SAM is associated with increased microbial translocation, immune activation, and immune exhaustion in HIV-uninfected children and with worse prognosis and impaired immune recovery in HIV-infected children on ART.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.