ArticlePLoS pathogens2017
Oxidative stress induced in E. coli by the human antimicrobial peptide LL-37.
Article in PLoS pathogens, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 53 papers.
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Who cites it
53 citing papers in PubMed.
- Piperine reverses colistin resistance in multidrug resistant Gram-negative pathogens by membrane disruption and ROS damage.Virulence · 2026Article
- Membrane-Traversing Peptides: Mechanistic Landscapes, Assays, and Applications.Chemical reviews · 2026Review
- Antimicrobial peptoids pass rapidly through bacterial membranes and flocculate ribosomes and DNA: A single-cell fluorescence study.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026Article
- Serine protease HtrA promotesScience advances · 2026Article
- Enhanced proteolytic stability and distinct mechanisms of a D-amino acid-modified antimicrobial peptide against Pseudomonas aeruginosa.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Functional characterization of HR-CATH2, a novel cathelicidin fromZoological research · 2026Article
- Arctic deep-sea hydrothermal microbiomes as a natural niche for novel antimicrobial peptides.BMC microbiology · 2026Article
- Bacterial cell fate under stress: lipid remodeling and antimicrobial peptide attack.npj antimicrobials and resistance · 2026Article
- Combined nonoxynol-9 and antimicrobial peptide LL-37 for barrier contraception.Reproduction & fertility · 2026Article
- Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamase-ProducingAntibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- A Comprehensive Overview of Antimicrobial Peptides: Broad-Spectrum Activity, Computational Approaches, and Applications.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Lacritin cleavage-potentiated targeting of iron - respiratory reciprocity promotes bacterial death.The Journal of biological chemistry · 2025Article
- A Novel Hepcidin Isoform Jd-Hep from the Sin Croaker Johnius dussumieri (Cuvier, 1830): Recombinant Expression and Insights into the Antibacterial Property and Modes of Action.Marine biotechnology (New York, N.Y.) · 2025Article
- An alternative approach to combat multidrug-resistant bacteria: new insights into traditional Chinese medicine monomers combined with antibiotics.Advanced biotechnology · 2025Review
- A novel cathelicidin TS-CATH derived fromComputational and structural biotechnology journal · 2024Article
- Synergistic collaboration between AMPs and non-direct antimicrobial cationic peptides.Nature communications · 2024Article
- Steroid Drugs Inhibit Bacterial Respiratory Oxidases and Are Lethal Toward Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2024Article
- Article
- The Effects of Mammary GlandInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Protocatechuic acid inhibits LPS-induced mastitis in mice through activating the pregnane X receptor.Journal of cellular and molecular medicine · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are thought to kill bacterial cells by permeabilizing their membranes. However, some antimicrobial peptides inhibit E. coli growth more efficiently in aerobic than in anaerobic conditions. In the attack of the human cathelicidin LL-37 on E. coli, real-time, single-cell fluorescence imaging reveals the timing of membrane permeabilization and the onset of oxidative stress. For cells growing aerobically, a CellROX Green assay indicates that LL-37 induces rapid formation of oxidative species after entry into the periplasm, but before permeabilization of the cytoplasmic membrane (CM). A cytoplasmic Amplex Red assay signals a subsequent burst of oxidative species, most likely hydrogen peroxide, shortly after permeabilization of the CM. These signals are much stronger in the presence of oxygen, a functional electron transport chain, and a large proton motive force (PMF). They are much weaker in cells growing anaerobically, by either fermentation or anaerobic respiration. In aerobic growth, the oxidative signals are attenuated in a cytochrome oxidase-bd deletion mutant, but not in a -bo3 deletion mutant, suggesting a specific effect of LL-37 on the electron transport chain. The AMPs melittin and LL-37 induce strong oxidative signals and exhibit O2-sensitive MICs, while the AMPs indolicidin and cecropin A do not. These results suggest that AMP activity in different tissues may be tuned according to the local oxygen level. This may be significant for control of opportunistic pathogens while enabling growth of commensal bacteria.
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