ArticlePharmaceutical research2017
Galactosyl Pentadecene Reversibly Enhances Transdermal and Topical Drug Delivery.
Article in Pharmaceutical research, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 25 citations in OpenAlex.
- An update of skin permeability data based on a systematic review of recent research.Scientific data · 2024Pooled it
- Rethinking asthma therapy, part 2: transdermal strategies for adjunct asthma and allergy treatments.Journal of pharmacy & pharmaceutical sciences : a publication of the Canadian Society for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Societe canadienne des sciences pharmaceutiques · 2026Review
- Enhancing the Cosmetic Potential of Aloe Vera Gel by Kombucha-Mediated Fermentation: Phytochemical Analysis and Evaluation of Antioxidant, Anti-Aging and Moisturizing Properties.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Antiaging Properties ofMolecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Kombucha as a Potential Active Ingredient in Cosmetics-An Ex Vivo Skin Permeation Study.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Article
- Time-Dependent Differences in the Effects of Oleic Acid and Oleyl Alcohol on the Human Skin Barrier.Molecular pharmaceutics · 2023Article
- Proline, hydroxyproline, and pyrrolidone carboxylic acid derivatives as highly efficient but reversible transdermal permeation enhancers.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- Article
- In Vitro Modeling of Skin Barrier Disruption and its Recovery by Ceramide-Based Formulations.AAPS PharmSciTech · 2021Article
- Bacterial Cellulose Membrane ContainingInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2021Article
- Transdermal Delivery Systems for Ibuprofen and Ibuprofen Modified with Amino Acids Alkyl Esters Based on Bacterial Cellulose.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Article
- Article
- Enhancement of the Antioxidant and Skin Permeation Properties of Betulin and Its Derivatives.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- In Vitro Human Skin Penetration, Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Activity of Ethanol-Water Extract of Fireweed (Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Enhancement of the antioxidant and skin permeation properties of eugenol by the esterification of eugenol to new derivatives.AMB Express · 2020Article
- Enhancement of ibuprofen solubility and skin permeation by conjugation with l-valine alkyl esters.RSC advances · 2020Article
- Esters of terpene alcohols as highly potent, reversible, and low toxic skin penetration enhancers.Scientific reports · 2019Article
- Transepidermal water loss and skin conductance as barrier integrity tests.Toxicology in vitro : an international journal published in association with BIBRA · 2018Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
purposeTo study new skin penetration/permeation enhancers based on amphiphilic galactose derivatives.
methodsTwo series of alkyl and alkenyl galactosides were synthesized and evaluated for their enhancing effect on transdermal/topical delivery of theophylline (TH), hydrocortisone (HC) and cidofovir (CDV), reversibility of their effects on transepidermal water loss (TEWL) and skin impedance, interaction with the stratum corneum using infrared spectroscopy, and cytotoxicity on keratinocytes and fibroblasts.
resultsInitial evaluation identified 1-(α-D-galactopyranosyl)-(2E)-pentadec-2-ene A15 as a highly potent enhancer - it increased TH and HC flux through human skin 8.5 and 5 times, respectively. Compound A15 increased the epidermal concentration of a potent antiviral CDV 7 times over that reached by control and Span 20 (an established sugar-based enhancer). Infrared spectroscopy of human stratum corneum indicated interaction of A15 with skin barrier lipids but not proteins. These effects of A15 on the skin barrier were reversible (both TEWL and skin impedance returned to baseline values within 24 h after A15 had been removed from skin). In vitro toxicity of A15 on HaCaT keratinocytes and 3T3 fibroblasts was acceptable, with IC
conclusionsGalactosyl pentadecene A15 is a potent enhancer with low toxicity and reversible action.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.