Evidence map›Paper›PMID 28661299›Full record

ArticleThe Journal of law, medicine & ethics : a journal of the American Society of Law, Medicine & Ethics2017

Legal Epidemiology: The Science of Law.

Tara Ramanathan, Rachel Hulkower, Joseph Holbrook, Matthew Penn

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in The Journal of law, medicine & ethics : a journal of the American Society of Law, Medicine & Ethics, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 31 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
31citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

31 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Leveraging Artificial Intelligence and Natural Language Processing in Legal Epidemiology Studies: Opportunities and Challenges.The Journal of law, medicine & ethics : a journal of the American Society of Law, Medicine & Ethics · 2026
    Review
  4. Review
  5. Article
  6. Review
  7. Article
  8. Target Trial Emulation for Evaluating Health Policy.Annals of internal medicine · 2024
    Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Review
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Review
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Observational
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Tara RamanathanTara Ramanathan, J.D., M.P.H., is the Team Lead for Research and Translation at the Public Health Law Program in the Office for State, Tribal, Local and Territorial Support, U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Rachel Hulkower, J.D., M.S.P.H., is a public health analyst through Chenega Professional & Technical Services with the Public Health Law Program in the Office for State, Tribal, Local and Territorial Support, U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Joseph Holbrook, Ph.D., M.P.H., is an epidemiologist at the National Center on Birth Defects and Developmental Disabilities, U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Matthew Penn, J.D., M.L.I.S., is the Direc¬tor of the Public Health Law Program in the Office for State, Tribal, Local and Territorial Support, U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
Rachel HulkowerTara Ramanathan, J.D., M.P.H., is the Team Lead for Research and Translation at the Public Health Law Program in the Office for State, Tribal, Local and Territorial Support, U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Rachel Hulkower, J.D., M.S.P.H., is a public health analyst through Chenega Professional & Technical Services with the Public Health Law Program in the Office for State, Tribal, Local and Territorial Support, U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Joseph Holbrook, Ph.D., M.P.H., is an epidemiologist at the National Center on Birth Defects and Developmental Disabilities, U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Matthew Penn, J.D., M.L.I.S., is the Direc¬tor of the Public Health Law Program in the Office for State, Tribal, Local and Territorial Support, U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
Joseph HolbrookTara Ramanathan, J.D., M.P.H., is the Team Lead for Research and Translation at the Public Health Law Program in the Office for State, Tribal, Local and Territorial Support, U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Rachel Hulkower, J.D., M.S.P.H., is a public health analyst through Chenega Professional & Technical Services with the Public Health Law Program in the Office for State, Tribal, Local and Territorial Support, U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Joseph Holbrook, Ph.D., M.P.H., is an epidemiologist at the National Center on Birth Defects and Developmental Disabilities, U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Matthew Penn, J.D., M.L.I.S., is the Direc¬tor of the Public Health Law Program in the Office for State, Tribal, Local and Territorial Support, U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
Matthew PennTara Ramanathan, J.D., M.P.H., is the Team Lead for Research and Translation at the Public Health Law Program in the Office for State, Tribal, Local and Territorial Support, U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Rachel Hulkower, J.D., M.S.P.H., is a public health analyst through Chenega Professional & Technical Services with the Public Health Law Program in the Office for State, Tribal, Local and Territorial Support, U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Joseph Holbrook, Ph.D., M.P.H., is an epidemiologist at the National Center on Birth Defects and Developmental Disabilities, U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Matthew Penn, J.D., M.L.I.S., is the Direc¬tor of the Public Health Law Program in the Office for State, Tribal, Local and Territorial Support, U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.

Funding

Intramural CDC HHS CC999999
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The importance of legal epidemiology in public health law research has undoubtedly grown over the last five years. Scholars and practitioners together have developed guidance on best practices for the field, including: placing emphasis on transdisciplinary collaborations; creating valid, reliable, and repeatable research; and publishing timely products for use in decision-making and change. Despite the energy and expertise researchers have brought to this important work, they name significant challenges in marshalling the diverse skill sets, quality controls, and funding to implement legal epidemiology activities. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) has worked to develop cross-cutting research and translation on issues of national priority in legal epidemiology, and has explored ways to overcome some of these challenges. As such, this article describes a case study of the use of law to characterize states' prior authorization policies regarding medication used to treat attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), a central component of a broader effort to improve behavior therapy options for young children with ADHD. This article highlights the types of legal epidemiology work we have undertaken, the application of this work to an emerging public health problem, and the lessons learned in creating impactful research for the field.

Indexed as

Health PolicyPublic HealthCooperative BehaviorHumans

Identifiers

PMID28661299
PMCPMC5690565

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.