ArticleJournal of neuroengineering and rehabilitation2017
The Arm Movement Detection (AMD) test: a fast robotic test of proprioceptive acuity in the arm.
Article in Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitation, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.
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Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed, 29 citations in OpenAlex.
- Reliability, validity, and clinical feasibility of a rapid and objective assessment of post-stroke deficits in hand proprioception.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitation · 2018Trial
- The independence of impairments in proprioception and visuomotor adaptation after stroke.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitation · 2024Article
- Enhancing touch sensibility with sensory electrical stimulation and sensory retraining.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitation · 2024Article
- Development and Validation of a Novel Robot-Based Assessment of Upper Limb Sensory Processing in Chronic Stroke.Brain sciences · 2022Article
- Robotic tests for position sense and movement discrimination in the upper limb reveal that they each are highly reproducible but not correlated in healthy individuals.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitation · 2020Article
- Article
- A postural unloading task to assess fast corrective responses in the upper limb following stroke.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitation · 2019Article
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundWe examined the validity and reliability of a short robotic test of upper limb proprioception, the Arm Movement Detection (AMD) test, which yields a ratio-scaled, objective outcome measure to be used for evaluating the impact of sensory deficits on impairments of motor control, motor adaptation and functional recovery in stroke survivors.
methodsSubjects grasped the handle of a horizontal planar robot, with their arm and the robot hidden from view. The robot applied graded force perturbations, which produced small displacements of the handle. The AMD test required subjects to respond verbally to queries regarding whether or not they detected arm motions. Each participant completed ten, 60s trials; in five of the trials, force perturbations were increased in small increments until the participant detected motion while in the others, perturbations were decreased until the participant could no longer detect motion. The mean and standard deviation of the 10 movement detection thresholds were used to compute a Proprioceptive Acuity Score (PAS). Based on the sensitivity and consistency of the estimated thresholds, the PAS quantifies the likelihood that proprioception is intact. Lower PAS scores correspond to higher proprioceptive acuity. Thirty-nine participants completed the AMD test, consisting of 25 neurologically intact control participants (NIC), seven survivors of stroke with intact proprioception in the more affected limb (HSS+P), and seven survivors of stroke with impaired or absent proprioception in the more affected limb (HSS-P).
resultsSignificant group differences were found, with the NIC and HSS+P groups having lower (i.e., better) PAS scores than the HSS-P group. A subset of the participants completed the AMD test multiple times and the AMD test was found to be reliable across repetitions.
conclusionsThe AMD test required less than 15 min to complete and provided an objective, ratio-scaled measure of proprioceptive acuity in the upper limb. In the future, this test could be utilized to evaluate the contributions of sensory deficits to motor recovery following stroke.
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