ArticleBMC anesthesiology2017
Effects of combined spinal epidural labor analgesia on episiotomy: a retrospective cohort study.
Article in BMC anesthesiology, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Selective episiotomy guided by a perineal evaluation form for forceps-assisted vaginal delivery: a retrospective cohort study on maternal and neonatal outcomes.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2026Article
- Episiotomy practices in France: epidemiology and risk factors in non-operative vaginal deliveries.Scientific reports · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundAccording to some published studies, neuraxial analgesia may be associated with prolonged labor and an increased risk for instrumental vaginal delivery. However, its effects on episiotomy are unknown. This study aimed to examine the incidence of episiotomy with and without combined spinal-epidural analgesia (CSEA) during labor.
methodsThis was a retrospective cohort study, in which the computerized medical records of nulliparous women with singleton, cephalic and live births were reviewed and women with and without CSEA were matched based on their propensity scores. Univariate and multivariate analyses were used to examine the association between CSEA and the incidence of episiotomy during vaginal delivery.
resultsIn the cohort study with 11,994 vaginal deliveries, 5748 received CSEA and 6246 did not receive CSEA. 4116 CSEA women were successfully matched with 4116 Non-CSEA women. In the univariate analysis, the incidence of episiotomy was 47.4% in the CSEA group and 44.7% in the Non-CSEA group. However, after a multivariable logistic regression analysis, CSEA did not increase the risk of episiotomy (adjusted OR, 1.080; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.988-1.180).
conclusionsThe use of CSEA during labor and vaginal delivery did not increase the risk of episiotomy.
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