ArticleJAMA psychiatry2017
Association Between Medication Use and Performance on Higher Education Entrance Tests in Individuals With Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder.
Article in JAMA psychiatry, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 27 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
27 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Intentional Discontinuation of Psychostimulants Used to Treat ADHD in Youth: A Review and Analysis.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2021Pooled it
- Risks and Benefits of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Medication on Behavioral and Neuropsychiatric Outcomes: A Qualitative Review of Pharmacoepidemiology Studies Using Linked Prescription Databases.Biological psychiatry · 2019Pooled it
- Sustained effects of neurofeedback in ADHD: a systematic review and meta-analysis.European child & adolescent psychiatry · 2019Pooled it
- The effect of stimulant medication on the learning of academic curricula in children with ADHD: A randomized crossover study.Journal of consulting and clinical psychology · 2022Trial
- Oral glucocorticoids and risk of psychiatric and suicidal behaviour outcomes: population-based cohort study.The British journal of psychiatry : the journal of mental science · 2026Article
- Academic Outcomes in Primary and Secondary School Students Prescribed Long-Acting Stimulants for ADHD Management.Journal of attention disorders · 2026Article
- Effects of 4-Month Methylphenidate Treatment on Functional Connectivity in Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2025Article
- Assessing TDApp: An AI-based clinical decision support system for ADHD treatment recommendations.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2025Article
- Mediating pathways between attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and type 2 diabetes mellitus: evidence from a two-step and multivariable Mendelian randomization study.Epidemiology and psychiatric sciences · 2024Article
- Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder.Nature reviews. Disease primers · 2024Review
- ADHD and family life: A cross-sectional study of ADHD prevalence among pupils in China and factors associated with parental depression.PloS one · 2024Article
- Association between frequency of breakfast intake before and during pregnancy and developmental delays in children: the Tohoku Medical Megabank Project Birth and Three-Generation Cohort Study.Nutrition journal · 2023Article
- Psychosocial Interventions for Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis by the CADDRA Guidelines Work GROUP.Brain sciences · 2022Review
- University students with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD): a consensus statement from the UK Adult ADHD Network (UKAAN).BMC psychiatry · 2022Article
- Is genetic liability to ADHD and ASD causally linked to educational attainment?International journal of epidemiology · 2022Article
- The World Federation of ADHD International Consensus Statement: 208 Evidence-based conclusions about the disorder.Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews · 2021Review
- Druggable genome in attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder and its co-morbid conditions. New avenues for treatment.Molecular psychiatry · 2021Article
- Qualification for upper secondary education in individuals with autism without intellectual disability: Total population study, Stockholm, Sweden.Autism : the international journal of research and practice · 2021Article
- Maternal hypertensive disorders and neurodevelopmental disorders in offspring: a population-based cohort in two Nordic countries.European journal of epidemiology · 2021Article
- Quantifying the Protective Effects of Stimulants on Functional Outcomes in Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: A Focus on Number Needed to Treat Statistic and Sex Effects.The Journal of adolescent health : official publication of the Society for Adolescent Medicine · 2019Article
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7 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Importance: Individuals with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are at greater risk for academic problems. Pharmacologic treatment is effective in reducing the core symptoms of ADHD, but it is unclear whether it helps to improve academic outcomes. Objective: To investigate the association between the use of ADHD medication and performance on higher education entrance tests in individuals with ADHD. Design, Setting, and Participants: This cohort study observed 61 640 individuals with a diagnosis of ADHD from January 1, 2006, to December 31, 2013. Records of their pharmacologic treatment were extracted from Swedish national registers along with data from the Swedish Scholastic Aptitude Test. Using a within-patient design, test scores when patients were taking medication for ADHD were compared with scores when they were not taking such medication. Data analysis was performed from November 24, 2015, to November 4, 2016. Exposures: Periods with and without ADHD medication use. Main Outcomes and Measures: Scores from the higher education entrance examination (score range, 1-200 points). Results: Among 930 individuals (493 males and 437 females; mean [SD] age, 22.2 [3.2] years) who had taken multiple entrance tests (n = 2524) and used ADHD medications intermittently, the test scores were a mean of 4.80 points higher (95% CI, 2.26-7.34; P < .001) during periods they were taking medication vs nonmedicated periods, after adjusting for age and practice effects. Similar associations between ADHD medication use and test scores were detected in sensitivity analyses. Conclusions and Relevance: Individuals with ADHD had higher scores on the higher education entrance tests during periods they were taking ADHD medication vs nonmedicated periods. These findings suggest that ADHD medications may help ameliorate educationally relevant outcomes in individuals with ADHD.
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