ReviewNeurotherapeutics : the journal of the American Society for Experimental NeuroTherapeutics2017
Clozapine as a Model for Antipsychotic Development.
Review in Neurotherapeutics : the journal of the American Society for Experimental NeuroTherapeutics, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 77 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
77 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 171 citations in OpenAlex.
- Brain structural abnormalities in treatment-resistant schizophrenia.Molecular psychiatry · 2026Pooled it
- Clozapine and Psychosocial Function in Schizophrenia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.CNS drugs · 2018Pooled it
- Negative symptomatology and clozapine-induced obsessive-compulsive symptoms: a cross-sectional analysis.European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience · 2026Article
- Magnetic resonance texture alterations in the caudate nucleus following 18 weeks of clozapine treatment in patients with treatment-resistant schizophrenia.Translational psychiatry · 2026Article
- Pharmacological rescue of social deficits in rats featuring Disrupted-in-Schizophrenia-1 (DISC1) protein aggregation.Schizophrenia (Heidelberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- Lurasidone vs. Other Antipsychotics as Augmentation Strategies for Clozapine in Treatment-resistant Schizophrenia: An Observational Multicenter Prospective Study.Current neuropharmacology · 2026Observational
- Cognitive Behavioral Therapy in Early Intervention for Psychosis: A Cost-Effectiveness Analysis.Journal of health economics and outcomes research · 2026Article
- Repeated Clozapine Administration Causes Extensive Changes to the Expression of Coding and Non-coding RNAs, Including miR-124, in the Mouse Frontal Cortex.Molecular neurobiology · 2025Article
- PS3N: leveraging protein sequence-structure similarity for novel drug-drug interaction discovery.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Immunoinflammatory features and cognitive function in treatment-resistant schizophrenia: unraveling distinct patterns in clozapine-resistant patients.European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience · 2025Article
- Following the Action of Atypical Antipsychotic Clozapine and Possible Prediction of Treatment Response in Schizophrenia.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- The mechanism of action of clozapine.Journal of psychopharmacology (Oxford, England) · 2025Article
- A New Era of Muscarinic Acetylcholine Receptor Modulators in Neurological Diseases, Cancer and Drug Abuse.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Impact of cariprazine on body weight and blood pressure among adults with bipolar I disorder, schizophrenia, or major depressive disorder in a real-world setting.Annals of general psychiatry · 2025Article
- Formulation development and evaluation, in silico PBPK modeling and in vivo pharmacodynamic studies of clozapine matrix type transdermal patches.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Clozapine as a Long-Term Therapeutic Choice: Longitudinal Analysis of Schizophrenia Symptoms in a Naturalistic Setting.Schizophrenia bulletin open · 2025Article
- An Emerging Prospective of Antipsychotics for Treating Neurodegenerative Disorders.Current pharmaceutical design · 2025Review
- Response to clozapine in treatment resistant schizophrenia is related to alterations in regional cerebral blood flow.Schizophrenia (Heidelberg, Germany) · 2024Article
- Schizophrenia-Like Deficits and Impaired Glutamate/Gamma-aminobutyric acid Homeostasis in Zfp804a Conditional Knockout Mice.Schizophrenia bulletin · 2024Article
- Exploration of Clozapine-Induced Cardiomyopathy and Its Mechanism.Cardiovascular toxicology · 2024Article
17 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Schizophrenia is a devastating illness that affects up to 1% of the population; it is characterized by a combination of positive symptoms, negative symptoms, and cognitive impairment. Currently, treatment consists of one class of medications known as antipsychotics, which include typical (first-generation) and atypical (second-generation) agents. Unfortunately, antipsychotic medications have limited efficacy, with up to a third of patients lacking a full response. Clozapine, the first atypical antipsychotic developed, is the only medication shown to be superior to all other antipsychotics. However, owing to several life-threatening side effects and required enrollment in a registry with routine blood monitoring, clozapine is greatly underutilized in the US. Developing a medication as efficacious as clozapine with limited side effects would likely become the first-line therapy for schizophrenia and related disorders. In this review, we discuss the history of clozapine, landmark studies, and its clinical advantages and disadvantages. We further discuss the hypotheses for clozapine's superior efficacy based on neuroreceptor binding, and the limitations of a receptor-based approach to antipsychotic development. We highlight some of the advances from pharmacogenetic studies on clozapine and then focus on studies of clozapine using unbiased approaches such as pharmacogenomics and gene expression profiling. Finally, we examine how these approaches could provide insights into clozapine's mechanism of action and side-effect profile, and lead to novel and improved therapeutics.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.