ArticleImmunology and cell biology2017
Cytokines in systemic lupus erythematosus: far beyond Th1/Th2 dualism lupus: cytokine profiles.
Article in Immunology and cell biology, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 56 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
56 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 111 citations in OpenAlex.
- Comparative effectiveness and safety of biologics and targeted small-molecule therapies plus stable background therapy in systemic lupus erythematosus: a systematic review and network meta-analysis.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Pooled it
- Organ-based characterization of B cells in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Pooled it
- Relationship between Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio and Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: A Meta-analysis.Clinics (Sao Paulo, Brazil) · 2020Pooled it
- Cytokines and adolescent anorexia nervosa: a case-control study.BMC psychiatry · 2026Article
- Immunopathogenesis and Therapeutics of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: an Integrative Review.Clinical reviews in allergy & immunology · 2025Review
- IL-10 in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: Balancing Immunoregulation and Autoimmunity.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Identification of novel biomarkers for lupus nephritis.Biomolecules & biomedicine · 2025Article
- Decoding Fibromyalgia: Genetic Insights into Gut and Immune System Interactions.Journal of pain research · 2025Article
- Cytokines unveiled: their impact on oral and multisystem features of lupus erythematosus.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- The immunomodulatory potential of vitamin D on Th17 lymphocytes in systemic lupus erythematosus - a literature review.Medicine and pharmacy reports · 2025Review
- SLE serum induces altered goblet cell differentiation and leakiness in human intestinal organoids.EMBO molecular medicine · 2024Article
- FasClinical immunology (Orlando, Fla.) · 2024Article
- Elevated Serum Levels of Soluble Transferrin Receptor Are Associated with an Increased Risk of Cardiovascular, Pulmonary, and Hematological Manifestations and a Decreased Risk of Neuropsychiatric Manifestations in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Patients.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Peripheral Inflammatory Markers in Autism Spectrum Disorder and Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder at Adolescent Age.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Article
- IL-21, Inflammatory Cytokines and Hyperpolarized CD8Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Pustular Psoriasis in a Patient Treated with Dupilumab for Atopic Dermatitis: A Case Report.Clinical, cosmetic and investigational dermatology · 2023Article
- Th17 and Th1 cells in systemic lupus erythematosus with focus on lupus nephritis.Immunologic research · 2022Article
- Universal or Personalized Mesenchymal Stem Cell Therapies: Impact of Age, Sex, and Biological Source.Cells · 2022Review
- Impact of Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells (ASCs) of Rheumatic Disease Patients on T Helper Cell Differentiation.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
11 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The aims of this study were to delineate cytokine profiles of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), construct prediction models for diagnosis and disease activity using those profiles, and to examine the associations between TNFB Ncol polymorphism, body mass index (BMI) and vitamin D levels with cytokine levels. Two hundred SLE patients and 196 healthy controls participated in this case-control study. Plasma cytokines levels of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interferon (IFN)-γ, interleukin (IL)-1β, IL- 4, IL-6, IL-10, IL-12 and IL-17 were measured and cytokines profiles were computed. IL-6, IL-12, IL-17, IFN-γ and IL-10 levels were significantly higher in SLE, while IL-4 was lower in SLE. The Th1/Th2 and Th1+Th17/Th2 profiles were significantly higher in SLE than in healthy controls, whereas there were no significant differences in the proinflammatory cytokine profile (TNFα+IL-6+IL-1β). In total, 90.4% of all subjects were correctly classified using Th1+Th17 profile and IL-10 (positively associated) and IL-4 (negatively associated) as predictor variables (sensitivity=66.7% and specificity=96.9%). In all, 20.9% of the variance in the SLE Disease Activity Index was predicted by the Th1+Th17/Th2 ratio, IL-10 and BMI (all positively) and proinflammatory profile (inversely associated). B1/B1 genotype is accompanied by increased IL-17 and Th17/Th2 ratio, while B1/B2 genotype is accompanied by higher IL-4 and IFNγ values. 25-OH vitamin D was inversely associated with IFN-γ levels. SLE is accompanied by Th1, Th17 and Treg profile and lowered IL-4 production. Lowered vitamin D levels and B1/B1 genotype, but not BMI, contribute to changes in cytokines profiles. Future treatments should target Th1, Th2 and Th17 profiles rather than inflammatory cytokines.
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