ArticleCortex; a journal devoted to the study of the nervous system and behavior2017
Transcranial magnetic stimulation to visual cortex induces suboptimal introspection.
Article in Cortex; a journal devoted to the study of the nervous system and behavior, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.
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Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed.
- Optimal metacognitive decision strategies in signal detection theory.Psychonomic bulletin & review · 2025Review
- Affective Visual Circuit Dysfunction in Trauma and Stress-Related Disorders.Biological psychiatry · 2025Review
- Scalp surface estimation and head registration using sparse sampling and 3D statistical models.Computers in biology and medicine · 2024Article
- Unconscious Perception of Vernier Offsets.Open mind : discoveries in cognitive science · 2024Article
- Toward 'Computational-Rationality' Approaches to Arbitrating Models of Cognition: A Case Study Using Perceptual Metacognition.Open mind : discoveries in cognitive science · 2023Article
- Recognition and Processing of Visual Information after Neuronavigated Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Session.Brain sciences · 2022Article
- Variance misperception under skewed empirical noise statistics explains overconfidence in the visual periphery.Attention, perception & psychophysics · 2022Article
- Dual strategies in human confidence judgments.Journal of vision · 2021Article
- Tuned inhibition in perceptual decision-making circuits can explain seemingly suboptimal confidence behavior.PLoS computational biology · 2021Article
- Sources of Metacognitive Inefficiency.Trends in cognitive sciences · 2021Review
- Normal observers show no evidence for blindsight in facial emotion perception.Neuroscience of consciousness · 2020Article
- Humans incorporate attention-dependent uncertainty into perceptual decisions and confidence.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2018Article
- Human metacognition across domains: insights from individual differences and neuroimaging.Personality neuroscience · 2018Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Blindsight patients with damage to the visual cortex can discriminate objects but report no conscious visual experience. This provides an intriguing opportunity to allow the study of subjective awareness in isolation from objective performance capacity. However, blindsight is rare, so one promising way to induce the effect in neurologically intact observers is to apply transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) to the visual cortex. Here, we used a recently-developed criterion-free method to conclusively rule out an important alternative interpretation of TMS-induced performance without awareness: that TMS-induced blindsight may be just due to conservative reporting biases for conscious perception. Critically, using this criterion-free paradigm we have previously shown that introspective judgments were optimal even under visual masking. However, here under TMS, observers were suboptimal, as if they were metacognitively blind to the visual disturbances caused by TMS. We argue that metacognitive judgments depend on observers' internal statistical models of their own perceptual systems, and introspective suboptimality arises when external perturbations abruptly make those models invalid - a phenomenon that may also be happening in actual blindsight.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.