Trial reportAmerican journal of epidemiology2018
Markers of Inflammation and Incident Breast Cancer Risk in the Women's Health Study.
Trial report in American journal of epidemiology, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 33 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
33 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 63 citations in OpenAlex.
- Dietary inflammatory index and breast cancer risk: an updated meta-analysis of observational studies.European journal of clinical nutrition · 2022Pooled it
- Inflammatory Biomarkers and Breast Cancer Risk: A Systematic Review of the Evidence and Future Potential for Intervention Research.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2020Pooled it
- Dietary Diversity Score Associated With a Reduced Risk of Breast Cancer: A Large Population-Based Incident Case-Control Study.Current developments in nutrition · 2026Article
- Serum IL2Rα as a Diagnostic Biomarker and Its Functional Interplay With IL-2 in Breast Cancer.The breast journal · 2026Article
- Plasma fibrinogen levels towards cancer incidence: a systematic review and meta-analysis of epidemiological studies.Discover oncology · 2025Article
- Effects of albumin-bound paclitaxel combined with Sophora subprostrate polysaccharide on inflammatory factors and immune function in breast cancer rats.Discover oncology · 2025Article
- Nicotinamide mononucleotide improves the ovarian reserve of POI by inhibiting NLRP3-mediated pyroptosis of ovarian granulosa cells.Journal of ovarian research · 2024Article
- Development and validation of an inflammation-nutrition indices-based nomogram for predicting early recurrence in patients with stage IB lung adenocarcinoma.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Review
- The therapeutic effect and targets ofHeliyon · 2024Article
- The evaluation of the inflammatory status and systemic antioxidant-oxidant balance of women with breast cancer during adjuvant chemotherapy.Reports of practical oncology and radiotherapy : journal of Greatpoland Cancer Center in Poznan and Polish Society of Radiation Oncology · 2024Article
- Association between circulating inflammatory markers and adult cancer risk: a Mendelian randomization analysis.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2023Article
- Linking Physical Activity to Breast Cancer via Inflammation, Part 2: The Effect of Inflammation on Breast Cancer Risk.Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology · 2023Article
- Associations of aspirin and other anti-inflammatory medications with breast cancer risk by the status of COX-2 expression.Breast cancer research : BCR · 2022Article
- Metabolic dysfunction and obesity-related cancer: Beyond obesity and metabolic syndrome.Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.) · 2022Review
- Circulating inflammatory biomarkers, adipokines and breast cancer risk-a case-control study nested within the EPIC cohort.BMC medicine · 2022Article
- Physical activity and risk of benign proliferative epithelial disorders of the breast, in the Women's Health Initiative.International journal of epidemiology · 2022Article
- The Systemic Immune-Inflammation Index is an Independent Predictor of Survival in Breast Cancer Patients.Cancer management and research · 2022Article
- Pre-diagnostic DNA methylation patterns differ according to mammographic breast density amongst women who subsequently develop breast cancer: a case-only study in the EPIC-Florence cohort.Breast cancer research and treatment · 2021Article
- The Effects of Exercise Duration and Intensity on Breast Cancer-Related DNA Methylation: A Randomized Controlled Trial.Cancers · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Chronic inflammation may be a risk factor for the development and progression of breast cancer, yet it is unknown which inflammatory biomarkers and pathways are especially relevant. The present study included 27,071 participants (mean age = 54.5 years) in the Women's Health Study who were free of cancer and cardiovascular disease at enrollment (1992-1995), with baseline measures of 4 inflammatory biomarkers: high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, fibrinogen, N-acetyl side-chains of acute phase proteins, and soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1. We used Cox proportional hazards regression models to evaluate associations between baseline concentrations of biomarkers and incident breast cancer, and adjusted for baseline and time-varying factors such as age and body mass index. Self-reported invasive breast cancer was confirmed against medical records for 1,497 incident cases (90% postmenopausal). We observed different patterns of risk depending on the inflammatory biomarker. There was a significant direct association between fibrinogen and breast cancer risk (for quintile 5 vs. quintile 1, adjusted hazard ratio = 1.25, 95% confidence interval: 1.03, 1.51; P for trend = 0.01). In contrast, soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 was inversely associated with breast cancer (for quintile 5 vs. quintile 1, adjusted hazard ratio = 0.79, 95% confidence interval: 0.66, 0.94; P for trend = 0.02). N-acetyl side-chains of acute phase proteins and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein were not associated with breast cancer. The complex association of chronic inflammation and breast cancer may be considered when formulating anti-inflammatory cancer prevention or intervention strategies.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.