Observational studyJournal of the American Heart Association2017
Breastfeeding and the Risk of Maternal Cardiovascular Disease: A Prospective Study of 300 000 Chinese Women.
Observational study in Journal of the American Heart Association, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 34 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
34 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 118 citations in OpenAlex.
- Breastfeeding Is Associated With a Reduced Maternal Cardiovascular Risk: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Involving Data From 8 Studies and 1 192 700 Parous Women.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2022Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Association between the reproductive health of young women and cardiovascular disease in later life: umbrella review.BMJ (Clinical research ed.) · 2020Pooled it
- Postpartum Plasma-Derived Exosomes Confer Mitochondrial Stabilization and Neuroprotection against Ischemic Stroke.Research square · 2026Article
- Development and Initial Validation of a Measure of Body Image in the Postpartum Period: The Postpartum Body Image Scale.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Associations of ever breastfeeding with risk of all-cause and cardiovascular disease mortality among women with and without diabetes: a cohort study.International breastfeeding journal · 2025Article
- Comparative Analysis of Breastfeeding and Infant Formulas: Short- and Long-Term Impacts on Infant Nutrition and Health.Food science & nutrition · 2025Review
- Duration and intensity of lactation and maternal risk of subsequent incident coronary artery disease and stroke-a prospective cohort study.The American journal of clinical nutrition · 2025Article
- Sustained Reduction of Subclinical Inflammation in the Years After Breastfeeding.The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2025Article
- Breastfeeding and Maternal and Child Cardiometabolic Outcomes 10-14 Years after Delivery.Breastfeeding medicine : the official journal of the Academy of Breastfeeding Medicine · 2025Article
- Impact of discontinuation of lactation consultant program on early infant feeding in Manitoba.International breastfeeding journal · 2025Article
- Lactation duration and ischemic heart disease among parous postmenopausal females from a prospective cohort study.Communications medicine · 2025Article
- Effect of Breastfeeding Duration on Coagulation in Women With and Without History of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus.The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2024Article
- 'It's far from the norm': breastfeeding beyond 1 year in the Republic of Ireland.Health promotion international · 2024Article
- Obesity and cardiovascular health.European journal of preventive cardiology · 2024Review
- Association between parities and duration of breastfeeding and the severity of coronary artery disease in women above 30 years old age (A pilot study).Caspian journal of internal medicine · 2024Article
- Association of Handgrip Strength and Cardiovascular Disease Risk Among Middle-Aged Postmenopausal Women: An Analysis of the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2014-2019.Vascular health and risk management · 2024Article
- Women, lipids, and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease: a call to action from the European Atherosclerosis Society.European heart journal · 2023Article
- Pregnancy-related factors may signal additional protection or risk of future cardiovascular diseases.BMC women's health · 2022Article
- Work as an Understudied Driver of Racial Inequities in Breastfeeding.New solutions : a journal of environmental and occupational health policy : NS · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
11 authors at 20 institutions in 12 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundBreastfeeding confers substantial benefits to child health and has also been associated with lower risk of maternal cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) in later life. However, the evidence on the effects of CVD is still inconsistent, especially in East Asians, in whom the frequency and duration of breastfeeding significantly differ from those in the West. METHODS AND
resultsIn 2004-2008, the nationwide China Kadoorie Biobank recruited 0.5 million individuals aged 30 to 79 years from 10 diverse regions across China. During 8 years of follow-up, 16 671 incident cases of coronary heart disease and 23 983 cases of stroke were recorded among 289 573 women without prior CVD at baseline. Cox regression yielded adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% CIs for incident CVD by breastfeeding. Overall, ≈99% of women had given birth, among whom 97% reported a history of breastfeeding, with a median duration of 12 months per child. Compared with parous women who had never breastfed, ever breastfeeding was associated with a significantly lower risk of CVD, with adjusted HRs of 0.91 (95% CI, 0.84-0.99) for coronary heart disease and 0.92 (95% CI, 0.85-0.99) for stroke. Women who had breastfed for ≥24 months had an 18% (HR, 0.82; 0.77-0.87) lower risk of coronary heart disease and a 17% (HR, 0.83; 0.79-0.87) lower risk of stroke compared with women who had never breastfed. Among women who ever breastfed, each additional 6 months of breastfeeding per child was associated with an adjusted HR of 0.96 (95% CI, 0.94-0.98) for coronary heart disease and 0.97 (95% CI, 0.96-0.98) for stroke.
conclusionsAmong Chinese women, a history of breastfeeding was associated with an ≈10% lower risk of CVD in later life and the magnitude of the inverse association was stronger among those with a longer duration of breastfeeding.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.