ArticleJournal of urban health : bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine2017
Healthy and Unhealthy Food Prices across Neighborhoods and Their Association with Neighborhood Socioeconomic Status and Proportion Black/Hispanic.
Article in Journal of urban health : bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed.
- Trial
- Income, diet, and cognitive function: observational analyses and candidate metabolomic pathways identified by Mendelian randomization.The journal of prevention of Alzheimer's disease · 2026Observational
- Soda and Sports Drink Consumption and Life Stressors Among High School Students: Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2023.The Journal of school health · 2026Article
- Cognition varies across the calendar year in multiple large-scale datasets.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025Article
- Ethnic-Racial Disparities in Food Environments: A Systematic Review and Meta-analyses of Inequities in Food Access and Availability.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2025Review
- A Pilot Study of a Novel Dietary Intervention Targeting Ultra-Processed Food Intake.Obesity science & practice · 2024Article
- Comparing Individual and Community-level Characteristics of People with Ground Beef-associated Salmonellosis and Other Ground Beef Eaters: A Case-control Analysis.Journal of food protection · 2024Article
- When Common Becomes Normal: Weaker Association Between Neighborhood Stress and Body Mass Index Among Black Adolescents Compared to White Adolescents.Global journal of cardiovascular diseases · 2024Article
- The Availability and Price of Healthy Food in Seattle by Neighborhood Sociodemographic Characteristics.Preventing chronic disease · 2022Article
- What Are the Relationships between Psychosocial Community Characteristics and Dietary Behaviors in a Racially/Ethnically Diverse Urban Population in Los Angeles County?International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Article
- The Supply of Calories, Proteins, and Fats in Low-Income Countries: A Four-Decade Retrospective Study.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Article
- Food environment solutions for childhood obesity in Latin America and among Latinos living in the United States.Obesity reviews : an official journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity · 2021Review
- Article
- Neighborhood price of healthier food relative to unhealthy food and its association with type 2 diabetes and insulin resistance: The multi-ethnic study of atherosclerosis.Preventive medicine · 2018Article
- Shape-Up and Eat Right Families Pilot Program: Feasibility of a Weight Management Shared Medical Appointment Model in African-Americans With Obesity at an Urban Academic Medical Center.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2018Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
Abstract
This paper evaluates variation in food prices within and between neighborhoods to improve our understanding of access to healthy foods in urbanized areas and potential economic incentives and barriers to consuming a higher-quality diet. Prices of a selection of healthier foods (dairy, fruit juice, and frozen vegetables) and unhealthy foods (soda, sweets, and salty snacks) were obtained from 1953 supermarkets across the USA during 2009-2012 and were linked to census block group socio-demographics. Analyses evaluated associations between neighborhood SES and proportion Black/Hispanic and the prices of healthier and unhealthy foods, and the relative price of healthier foods compared with unhealthy foods (healthy-to-unhealthy price ratio). Linear hierarchical regression models were used to explore geospatial variation and adjust for confounders. Overall, the price of healthier foods was nearly twice as high as the price of unhealthy foods ($0.590 vs $0.298 per serving; healthy-to-unhealthy price ratio of 1.99). This trend was consistent across all neighborhood characteristics. After adjusting for covariates, no association was found between food prices (healthy, unhealthy, or the healthy-to-unhealthy ratio) and neighborhood SES. Similarly, there was no association between the proportion Black/Hispanic and healthier food price, a very small positive association with unhealthy price, and a modest negative association with the healthy-to-unhealthy ratio. No major differences were seen in food prices across levels of neighborhood SES and proportion Black/Hispanic; however, the price of healthier food was twice as expensive as unhealthy food per serving on average.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.