ArticleSurgery today2018
Analysis of gender-based differences among surgeons in Japan: results of a survey conducted by the Japan Surgical Society. Part 1: Working style.
Article in Surgery today, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.
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Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 32 citations in OpenAlex.
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- The global surgical workforce crisis: narrative review of the role of surgical educator development and technological innovations.Surgery today · 2026Review
- Surgical training outcomes of female versus male surgeons in Japan.Surgery today · 2026Article
- Early exposure to a career in surgery through a hands-on robotics seminar for teenage girls.Surgery today · 2026Article
- The Influence of Surgeons' Gender on Surgical Outcomes in Laparoscopic Right Hemicolectomy: A Japanese Nationwide Retrospective Cohort Study.Annals of gastroenterological surgery · 2026Article
- Impact of the 2024 work style reform on cardiovascular surgeons in Japan: a comparative cross-sectional study using pre- and post-reform survey data.Surgery today · 2026Article
- Current status of the surgical training system in Japan: results of a nationwide questionnaire survey of graduating surgical trainees.Surgery today · 2025Article
- Motherhood penalty for female physicians in Japan: evidence from a medical school's alumni data.BMC health services research · 2024Article
- Attitude toward career development in Japanese medical students: a questionnaire survey.BMJ open · 2024Article
- The degree of satisfaction and level of learning in male and female surgical residents: a nationwide questionnaire survey of graduating residents in Japan.Surgery today · 2023Article
- The impact of preclinical clerkship in general surgery on medical students' attitude to a surgical career.Surgery today · 2023Article
- How pregnancy and childbirth affect the working conditions and careers of women surgeons in Japan: findings of a nationwide survey conducted by the Japan Surgical Society.Surgery today · 2021Article
- The number and composition of work hours for attending physicians in Taiwan.Scientific reports · 2020Article
- What explains wage differences between male and female Brazilian physicians? A cross-sectional nationwide study.BMJ open · 2019Article
- Analysis of gender-based differences among surgeons in Japan: results of a survey conducted by the Japan Surgical Society. Part. 2: personal life.Surgery today · 2018Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
16 authors at 15 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
purposeTo assess the working styles of men and women working as surgeons in Japan.
methodsIn July, 2014, the Japan Surgical Society invited all their members (n = 29,861), through an internet campaign, to participate in a nationwide survey of surgeons. The items investigated in this descriptive study included demographic information and working styles, based on a questionnaire.
resultsIn total, 6211 surgeons participated (response rate 20.8%, 5586 men and 625 women). The largest age stratum was 40-49 years for men and 30-39 years for women. Overall, respondents identified their labor contract, including salary and work hours, as the highest priority for improvement. Women with children were more likely to be part-time employees, work fewer hours, and take fewer house calls/on-calls than their male counterparts. Moreover, women of all ages earned a lower annual income than men, irrespective of whether they had children. Perception scores for discrimination related to work and promotion were significantly higher among women than men (p < 0.01 and p = 0.011, respectively).
conclusionsA significant difference in working style was observed between men and women working as surgeons in Japan.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.