ArticleInjury epidemiology2017
Injury, intense dust exposure, and chronic disease among survivors of the World Trade Center terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001.
Article in Injury epidemiology, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 31 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Impact of War on Asthma, a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis: An EAACI Task Force Report.Allergy · 2026Pooled it
- Post-Traumatic Growth and Quality of Life Among World Trade Center Health Registry Enrollees 16 Years After 9/11.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2026Article
- Association of COVID-19 Severity with Comorbidities: Results from the World Trade Center Health Registry.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2025Article
- The World Trade Center exposome and health effects in 9/11 rescue and recovery workers.Communications medicine · 2024Article
- The Association of Air Pollution Exposure With Glucose and Lipid Levels: The Role of an Extreme Air Pollution Event Alongside 2 Decades of Moderate Exposure.American journal of epidemiology · 2024Article
- The World Trade Center Exposome and Health Effects in 9/11 Rescue and Recovery Workers.Research square · 2023Article
- Respiratory Health and Cities.American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine · 2023Article
- Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Mediates the Association between Traumatic World Trade Center Dust Cloud Exposure and Ongoing Systemic Inflammation in Community Members.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
- Health effects following exposure to dust from the World Trade Center disaster: An update.Life sciences · 2022Review
- Cortical complexity in world trade center responders with chronic posttraumatic stress disorder.Translational psychiatry · 2021Article
- The World Trade Center Health Program: Twenty years of health effects research.American journal of industrial medicine · 2021Article
- Post-9/11 Mental Health Comorbidity Predicts Self-Reported Confusion or Memory Loss in World Trade Center Health Registry Enrollees.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2020Article
- World Trade Center Health Program: First Decade of Research.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2020Review
- Injury Severity and Psychological Distress Sustained in the Aftermath of the Attacks of 11 September 2001 Predict Somatic Symptoms in World Trade Center Health Registry Enrollees Sixteen Years Later.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2020Article
- Comparing life satisfaction and functioning 15 years after September 11, 2001 among survivors with and without injuries: a mixed-method study.Quality of life research : an international journal of quality of life aspects of treatment, care and rehabilitation · 2019Article
- Long-term Cardiovascular Disease Risk Among Firefighters After the World Trade Center Disaster.JAMA network open · 2019Article
- An Assessment of Long-Term Physical and Emotional Quality of Life of Persons Injured on 9/11/2001.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2019Article
- Conducting a study to assess the long-term impacts of injury after 9/11: participation, recall, and description.Injury epidemiology · 2019Article
- Review of Non-Respiratory, Non-Cancer Physical Health Conditions from Exposure to the World Trade Center Disaster.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2018Review
- What's new in critical illness and injury science? The effect of concomitant natural and manmade disasters on chronic disease exacerbations: COVID-19, armed conflicts, refugee crises and research needs.International journal of critical illness and injury scienceArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundThe World Trade Center attack of September 11, 2001 in New York City (9/11) exposed thousands of people to intense concentrations of hazardous materials that have resulted in reports of increased levels of asthma, heart disease, diabetes, and other chronic diseases along with psychological illnesses such as post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Few studies have discriminated between health consequences of immediate (short-term or acute) intense exposures versus chronic residential or workplace exposures.
methodsWe used proportional hazards methods to determine adjusted hazard ratios (AHRs) for associations between several components of acute exposures (e.g., injury, immersion in the dust cloud) and four chronic disease outcomes: asthma, other non-neoplastic lung diseases, cardiovascular disease, and diabetes, in 8701 persons free of those conditions prior to exposure and who were physically present during or immediately after the World Trade Center attacks. Participants were followed prospectively up to 11 years post-9/11.
resultsHeart disease exhibited a dose-response association with sustaining injury (1 injury type: AHR =2.0, 95% CI (Confidence Interval) 1.1-3.6; 2 injury types: AHR = 3.1, 95% CI 1.2-7.9; 3 or more injury types: AHR = 6.8, 95% CI 2.0-22.6), while asthma and other lung diseases were both significantly associated with dust cloud exposure (AHR = 1.3, 95% CI 1.0-1.6). Diabetes was not associated with any of the predictors assessed in this study.
conclusionIn this study we demonstrated that the acute exposures of injury and dust cloud that were sustained on 9/11/2001 had significant associations with later heart and respiratory diseases. Continued monitoring of 9/11 exposed persons' health by medical providers is warranted for the foreseeable future.
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