ArticleNeurology(R) neuroimmunology & neuroinflammation2017
Both cladribine and alemtuzumab may effect MS via B-cell depletion.
Article in Neurology(R) neuroimmunology & neuroinflammation, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 4 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 80 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
A Phase III, Randomized, Double-blind, Three-arm, Placebo-controlled, Multi-center Study to Evaluate the Safety and Efficacy of Oral Cladribine in Subjects With Relapsing-remitting Multiple Sclerosis (RRMS)
A Phase 3 Randomized, Rater-Blinded Study Comparing Two Annual Cycles of Intravenous Alemtuzumab to Three-Times Weekly Subcutaneous Interferon Beta-1a (Rebif®) in Treatment-Naïve Patients With Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis
Interventional Not Pharmacological Study to Investigate the Role of ADA in Multiple Sclerosis PatientsTreated With an Immune-Reconstitution Therapy (2-CdA)
A Prospective Biomarker Study in Active Secondary Progressive Multiple Sclerosis (SPMS)Subjects Treated With Cladribine Tablets
Who cites it
80 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 142 citations in OpenAlex.
- Natalizumab and Tyruko (natalizumab biosimilar) for treating highly active relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis after at least one disease-modifying therapy: a systematic review and economic model.Health technology assessment (Winchester, England) · 2026Pooled it
- Repopulation of T, B, and NK cells following alemtuzumab treatment in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2020Trial
- Longitudinal and Stability-Aware Analysis Reveals Treatment-Specific MicroRNA Response Signatures Following Immune-Reconstitution and B-Cell-Targeted Therapies in Multiple Sclerosis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- A drug evaluation narrative review of cladribine as a treatment for multiple sclerosis.Neurodegenerative disease management · 2025Review
- Is therapy-free remission a realistic goal with cladribine tablets in multiple sclerosis? New insights into the mechanism of action and clinical implications of immune reconstitution with cladribine tablets in MS therapy.Journal of neurology · 2025Review
- Lymphocyte Dynamics and the Emergence of Secondary Autoimmunity Following Immune Reconstitution Therapies in Multiple Sclerosis.Neurology(R) neuroimmunology & neuroinflammation · 2025Article
- The Present and Future of Monoclonal Antibody Therapies for Multiple Sclerosis.BioDrugs : clinical immunotherapeutics, biopharmaceuticals and gene therapy · 2025Review
- Review
- Effects of cladribine on intrathecal and peripheral B and plasma cells.Clinical and experimental immunology · 2025Article
- Cladribine tablets in the new multiple sclerosis era.Therapeutic advances in neurological disorders · 2025Review
- NEDA-3 using cladribine for multiple sclerosis: effectiveness data from a Norwegian hospital.Frontiers in neurology · 2025Article
- Magnetic Resonance Imaging Evidence Supporting the Efficacy of Cladribine Tablets in the Treatment of Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis.CNS drugs · 2024Review
- Sustained effects on immune cell subsets and autoreactivity in multiple sclerosis patients treated with oral cladribine.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Article
- The immunological bases of alemtuzumab as induction-therapy in pediatric-onset multiple sclerosis.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Review
- Peripheral memory B cells in multiple sclerosis vs. double negative B cells in neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder: disease driving B cell subsets during CNS inflammation.Frontiers in cellular neuroscience · 2024Review
- Cladribine Tablets Mode of Action, Learning from the Pandemic: A Narrative Review.Neurology and therapy · 2023Review
- Transcriptome alterations in peripheral blood B cells of patients with multiple sclerosis receiving immune reconstitution therapy.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2023Article
- Revealing the immune cell subtype reconstitution profile in patients from the CLARITY study using deconvolution algorithms after cladribine tablets treatment.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Immune Response to Seasonal Influenza Vaccination in Multiple Sclerosis Patients Receiving Cladribine.Cells · 2023Article
- The Place of Immune Reconstitution Therapy in the Management of Relapsing Multiple Sclerosis in France: An Expert Consensus.Neurology and therapy · 2023Review
20 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveTo understand the efficacy of cladribine (CLAD) treatment in MS through analysis of lymphocyte subsets collected, but not reported, in the pivotal phase III trials of cladribine and alemtuzumab induction therapies.
methodsThe regulatory submissions of the CLAD Tablets Treating Multiple Sclerosis Orally (CLARITY) (NCT00213135) cladribine and Comparison of Alemtuzumab and Rebif Efficacy in Multiple Sclerosis, study one (CARE-MS I) (NCT00530348) alemtuzumab trials were obtained from the European Medicine Agency through Freedom of Information requests. Data were extracted and statistically analyzed.
resultsEither dose of cladribine (3.5 mg/kg; 5.25 mg/kg) tested in CLARITY reduced the annualized relapse rate to 0.16-0.18 over 96 weeks, and both doses were similarly effective in reducing the risk of MRI lesions and disability. Surprisingly, however, T-cell depletion was rather modest. Cladribine 3.5 mg/kg depleted CD4
conclusionsCladribine induced only modest depletion of T cells, which may not be consistent with a marked influence on MS, based on previous CD4
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.