ReviewWorld journal of pediatrics : WJP2017
Goldenhar syndrome: current perspectives.
Review in World journal of pediatrics : WJP, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 46 papers.
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Who cites it
46 citing papers in PubMed.
- Goldenhar Syndrome-Embryological, Anatomical, Etiopathogenic Mechanisms and Treatment of Obstructive Sleep Apnea.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Outcomes of Bonebridge Implantation in 10 Patients with Rare Genetic Syndromes and Difficult Anatomy.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Airway Challenges in Goldenhar Syndrome and Implications for Pediatric Care: A Systematic Review.Cureus · 2026Review
- Ocular Manifestations and Pathological Features in Goldenhar Syndrome: A 10-Year Retrospective Study.Ophthalmology and therapy · 2025Article
- Goldenhar syndrome in a 5-year-old child.Eye (London, England) · 2025Article
- Expert consensus on classification and diagnosis of congenital orofacial cleft.Hua xi kou qiang yi xue za zhi = Huaxi kouqiang yixue zazhi = West China journal of stomatology · 2025Article
- Molecular mechanism, diagnosis, and treatment of VACTERL association.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2025Review
- Cervical spine considerations in Goldenhar syndrome: a clinical perspective.Child's nervous system : ChNS : official journal of the International Society for Pediatric Neurosurgery · 2024Article
- Management of sleep-disordered breathing in patients with syndromic hemifacial macrosomia.Sleep & breathing = Schlaf & Atmung · 2024Article
- Article
- Air Embolism-Induced Ischemic Stroke Following Orthognathic Surgery in a Patient With Goldenhar Syndrome.Clinical medicine & research · 2024Article
- Identification of potential molecular mechanism related to craniofacial dysmorphism caused by FOXI3 deficiency.Molecular genetics & genomic medicine · 2024Article
- Goldenhar syndrome with limbal neoformation, microtia and skeletal deformities: a case report and literature review.BMC ophthalmology · 2024Review
- Breaking the silence: A qualitative exploration of parental perspectives of children with Goldenhar Syndrome.Heliyon · 2024Article
- Clinical and genetic risk factors underlying severe consequence identified in 75 families with unilateral high myopia.Journal of translational medicine · 2024Article
- Article
- Goldenhar syndrome complicated with subglottic airway stenosis: a case report.BMC anesthesiology · 2023Article
- Congenital Mandibular Hypoplasia: Patient-Specific Total Joint Replacement as a Line Extension in the Treatment of Complex Craniofacial Anomalies.Journal of maxillofacial and oral surgery · 2023Article
- A Proposal for the Classification of Temporomandibular Joint Disc Deformity in Hemifacial Microsomia.Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Article
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Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
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Abstract
backgroundProgress in medical branches that has taken place since the first child with Goldenhare syndrome (GS) had been described in 1952 by Maurice Goldenhar, facilitated better understanding of this congenital defect. It also gave new perspectives and the opportunity to achieve satisfactory treatment results, mainly due to development of surgical techniques. DATA SOURCES: Based on the literature and own experience, we discussed the phenotype of presentation of GS, ethiopathogenesis, genetic counselling and treatment with particular emphasis on surgery correction of hemifacial microsomia.
resultsThe spectrum of GS abnormalities ranges from mild to severe ones and include patients with barely noticeable facial asymmetry to very pronounced facial defect with more or less severe abnormalities of internal organs and/or skeleton. It is characterized most commonly by impaired development of eyes, ears, lips, tongue, palate, mandible, maxilla, zygomatic and orbital structures and deformations of the teeth structures. Ethiopathogenesis is multifactorial and dependent on genetic and environmental factors but there are still many unknowns about the syndrome which should be revealed.
conclusionsPatients with GS due to a large variety of abnormalities and different severity of symptoms pose a challenge for clinicians. All of this necessitate an individual approach to each single patient and involvement a team of specialists in treatment planning. It is a complex, long-lasting, multidisciplinary process and should be divided into stages, according to patient's age, as well as the extent and severity of observed abnormalities. Neonatologists and pediatricians are involved in care of these patients from the onset.
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