ArticleScientific reports2017
Gag-protease coevolution analyses define novel structural surfaces in the HIV-1 matrix and capsid involved in resistance to Protease Inhibitors.
Article in Scientific reports, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.
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Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 19 citations in OpenAlex.
- Subtype-Specific HIV-1 Protease and the Role of Hinge and Flap Dynamics in Drug Resistance: A Subtype C Narrative.Viruses · 2025Review
- Susceptibility to Lenacapavir Among Newly Diagnosed HIV-Positive Patients Followed Up in Mozambique That Presented With Primary Antiretroviral Resistance to Other Classes.Journal of medical virology · 2025Article
- Selection among site-dependent structurally constrained substitution models of protein evolution by approximate Bayesian computation.Bioinformatics (Oxford, England) · 2024Article
- HIV-1 envelope facilitates the development of protease inhibitor resistance through acquiring mutations associated with viral entry and immune escape.Frontiers in microbiology · 2024Article
- Viral and Cellular Factors Leading to the Loss of CD4 Homeostasis in HIV-1 Viremic Nonprogressors.Journal of virology · 2022Article
- Elasticity-Associated Functionality and Inhibition of the HIV Protease.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2022Article
- The impact of Gag non-cleavage site mutations on HIV-1 viral fitness from integrative modelling and simulations.Computational and structural biotechnology journal · 2021Article
- Antiretroviral Imprints and Genomic Plasticity of HIV-1Frontiers in microbiology · 2021Article
- Nucleocapsid Protein Precursors NCp9 and NCp15 Suppress ATP-Mediated Rescue of AZT-Terminated Primers by HIV-1 Reverse Transcriptase.Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2020Article
- HIV-1 Gag mutations alone are sufficient to reduce darunavir susceptibility during virological failure to boosted PI therapy.The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy · 2020Article
- Reviewing HIV-1 Gag Mutations in Protease Inhibitors Resistance: Insights for Possible Novel Gag Inhibitor Designs.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2019Review
- Selection analyses of paired HIV-1 gag and gp41 sequences obtained before and after antiretroviral therapy.Scientific data · 2018Article
- Evolution of gag and gp41 in Patients Receiving Ritonavir-Boosted Protease Inhibitors.Scientific reports · 2017Article
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 7 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Despite the major role of Gag in establishing resistance of HIV-1 to protease inhibitors (PIs), very limited data are available on the total contribution of Gag residues to resistance to PIs. To identify in detail Gag residues and structural interfaces associated with the development of HIV-1 resistance to PIs, we traced viral evolution under the pressure of PIs using Gag-protease single genome sequencing and coevolution analysis of protein sequences in 4 patients treated with PIs over a 9-year period. We identified a total of 38 Gag residues correlated with the protease, 32 of which were outside Gag cleavage sites. These residues were distributed in 23 Gag-protease groups of coevolution, with the viral matrix and the capsid represented in 87% and 52% of the groups. In addition, we uncovered the distribution of Gag correlated residues in specific protein surfaces of the inner face of the viral matrix and at the Cyclophilin A binding loop of the capsid. In summary, our findings suggest a tight interdependency between Gag structural proteins and the protease during the development of resistance of HIV-1 to PIs.
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