ArticleJournal of immunotherapy (Hagerstown, Md. : 1997)2017
NK Cell-derived Exosomes From NK Cells Previously Exposed to Neuroblastoma Cells Augment the Antitumor Activity of Cytokine-activated NK Cells.
Article in Journal of immunotherapy (Hagerstown, Md. : 1997), 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 87 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
87 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Extracellular vesicles-derived non-coding RNA in leukemias and pre-leukemic syndromes: a systematic review.Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology · 2025Pooled it
- Natural Killer Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles as a Promising Immunotherapeutic Strategy for Cancer: A Systematic Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Pooled it
- Natural killer cell-derived extracellular vesicles reprogram cellular human immunity to enhance tumor cytotoxicity.Molecular therapy. Oncology · 2026Article
- Cetuximab combination with cytokine induced killer cells effectively inhibit conjunctival squamous cell carcinoma in vitro.BMC immunology · 2026Article
- Review
- Natural Killer Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles Exhibit Cytotoxicity Against Bulk Tumor Cells and Cancer Stem Cells in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer.Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Distinct Biodistribution of Natural Killer Cell-Derived Exosomes in an Orthotopic A549 Lung Cancer Mouse Model: Implications for Potent Targeted Drug Delivery.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- NK-cell-derived exosomes exert antitumor potency via miR-140/XYLT1/HSPG2 axis.Cellular & molecular biology letters · 2026Article
- Review
- Review
- From immune desert to hot tumor: the tripartite synergy of tumor microenvironment-exosomes-immunogenic cell death in pioneering solutions.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Immune cell-derived exosomes in cancer: double-edged mechanisms of antitumor immunity and tumor progression.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Extracellular vesicles in cancer immunotherapy: Therapeutic, challenges and clinical progress.Asian journal of pharmaceutical sciences · 2025Review
- Potential of Exosomes as Multifunctional Nanocarriers for Targeted Drug Delivery.Molecular biotechnology · 2025Review
- NK-derived exosomes in anti-tumor strategies.Medical oncology (Northwood, London, England) · 2025Review
- Glioma stem cells: drivers of tumor progression and recurrence.Stem cell research & therapy · 2025Review
- Breaking barriers: Smart vaccine platforms for cancer immunomodulation.Cancer communications (London, England) · 2025Review
- Secretory exosomes from modified immune cells against cancer.Medical oncology (Northwood, London, England) · 2025Review
- Exosomes derived from natural killer cells: transforming immunotherapy for aggressive breast cancer.Medical oncology (Northwood, London, England) · 2025Review
- Overexpression of NKG2D and IL24 in NK Cell-Derived Exosomes for Cancer Therapy.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
27 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Immune cell-derived exosomes can increase immunity against tumors. In contrast, tumor-derived exosomes can reduce the immunity and can change the tumor microenvironment to further develop and provide metastasis. These effects take place by an alteration in the innate and adaptive immune cell functions. In this experiment, we studied the natural killer (NK) cells' effectiveness on tumor cells after expansion and thereafter incubated it with exosomes. The exosomes were derived from 2 populations of NK cells: (1) naive NK cells and, (2) NK cells previously exposed to neuroblastoma (NB) cells. Moreover, we have studied the NB-derived exosomes on NK cell function. The molecular load of the characterized exosomes (by means of nanoparticle-tracking analysis, flow cytometry, scanning electron microscopy, and western blot) from NK cells exposed to the NB cell revealed their expression of natural killer cell receptors in addition to CD56, NKG2D, and KIR2DL2 receptors. These exosomes were used to treat NK cells and thereafter administered to NB tumor cells both in vitro and in vivo. Our results showed some kind of NK cells' education by the exosomes. This education from NK cells previously exposed to NB cell-derived exosomes caused efficient and greater cytotoxicity against NB tumors, but NB-derived exosomes act as tumor promoters by providing a tumor supporting niche. Hence, this method of preparing the exosomes has a dramatic effect on activation of anti-NK cells against NB cells.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.