ArticleScience immunology2017
Successive annual influenza vaccination induces a recurrent oligoclonotypic memory response in circulating T follicular helper cells.
Article in Science immunology, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 116 papers.
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Who cites it
116 citing papers in PubMed, 170 citations in OpenAlex.
- Protein/AS01Cell reports. Medicine · 2021Trial
- Live attenuated pertussis vaccine BPZE1 induces a broad antibody response in humans.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2020Trial
- Follicular T helper cells shape the HCV-specific CD4+ T cell repertoire after virus elimination.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2020Trial
- Immunological memory to vaccines.Immunity · 2026Review
- Comparative analysis of cellular immune responses to four seasonal inactivated influenza vaccines in younger and older adults.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2026Article
- The High Expression of PD-1 Defines A Subpopulation of Tfh Cells Responding to COVID-19 Vaccine in Humans.Genomics, proteomics & bioinformatics · 2025Article
- Coordinated circulating and tissue-based T cell responses precede xenograft rejection.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Vaccination against influenza viruses annually: Renewing or narrowing the protective shield?The Journal of experimental medicine · 2025Review
- The inflammaging microenvironment induces dysfunctional rewiring of Tfh cell differentiation.JCI insight · 2025Article
- Transcription factor c-Maf: a checkpoint that programs autoimmunity.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Human axillary lymph node T follicular helper (Tfh) and Precursor-Tfh cells exhibit functional flexibility following seasonal influenza vaccination.Clinical & translational immunology · 2025Article
- Follicular helper T cells (Tfh): heterogeneity in spatial distribution and phenotypic characteristics.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Deep exploration of the TCR CDR3β repertoire specific for viral CD4 T-cell epitopes inside the circulating T-cell repertoire.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Impaired SARS-CoV-2-specific responses via activated T follicular helper cells in immunocompromised kidney transplant recipients.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Modeling memory B cell responses in a lymphoid organ-chip to evaluate mRNA vaccine boosting.The Journal of experimental medicine · 2024Article
- A review of CD4Veterinary immunology and immunopathology · 2024Review
- SARS-CoV-2 inflammation durably imprints memory CD4 T cells.Science immunology · 2024Article
- Immunophenotypic predictors of influenza vaccine immunogenicity in pediatric hematopoietic cell transplant recipients.Blood advances · 2024Article
- Comparative Study of T-Cell Repertoires after COVID-19 Immunization with Homologous or Heterologous Vaccine Booster.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Immune response induced by standard and fractional doses of 17DD yellow fever vaccine.NPJ vaccines · 2024Article
56 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
13 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
T follicular helper (Tfh) CD4 cells are crucial providers of B cell help during adaptive immune responses. A circulating population of CD4 T cells, termed cTfh, have similarity to lymphoid Tfh, can provide B cell help, and responded to influenza vaccination. However, it is unclear whether human vaccination-induced cTfh respond in an antigen-specific manner and whether they form long-lasting memory. Here, we identified a cTfh population that expressed multiple T cell activation markers and could be readily identified by coexpression of ICOS and CD38. This subset expressed more Bcl-6, c-Maf, and IL-21 than other blood CD4 subsets. Influenza vaccination induced a strong response in the ICOS+CD38+ cTfh at day 7, and this population included hemagglutinin-specific cells by tetramer staining and antigen-stimulated Activation Induced Marker (AIM) expression. Moreover, TCRB sequencing identified a clonal response in ICOS+CD38+ cTfh that correlated strongly with the increased circulating ICOS+CD38+ cTfh frequency and the circulating plasmablast response. In subjects who received successive annual vaccinations, a recurrent oligoclonal response was identified in the ICOS+CD38+ cTfh subset at 7 days after every vaccination. These oligoclonal responses in ICOS+CD38+ cTfh after vaccination persisted in the ICOS-CD38- cTfh repertoire in subsequent years, suggesting clonal maintenance in a memory reservoir in the more-stable ICOS-CD38- cTfh subset. These data highlight the antigen-specificity, lineage relationships and memory properties of human cTfh responses to vaccination, providing new avenues for tracking and monitoring cTfh responses during infection and vaccination in humans.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.