ArticleFrontiers in microbiology2017
Environmental T4-Family Bacteriophages Evolve to Escape Abortive Infection via Multiple Routes in a Bacterial Host Employing "Altruistic Suicide" through Type III Toxin-Antitoxin Systems.
Article in Frontiers in microbiology, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 30 citations in OpenAlex.
- Cryo-EM reveals the quaternary architecture of TenpIN type III toxin-antitoxin RNP complex common to pathogenic bacteria.PLoS pathogens · 2026Article
- Bacterial defense mechanisms against bacteriophages: an evolutionary arms race.Archives of microbiology · 2026Review
- Bioinformatic exploration reveals features of tenpIN family of type III toxin-antitoxin systems in bacteria and viruses.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Genetic Code-Locking Confers Stable Virus Resistance to a Recoded Organism.Biochemistry · 2025Article
- Novel bacteriophages targeting wheat phyllosphere bacteria carry DNA modifications and single-strand breaks.Virus research · 2025Article
- Article
- A phage-encoded RNA-binding protein inhibits the antiviral activity of a toxin-antitoxin system.Nucleic acids research · 2024Article
- PHERI-Phage Host ExploRation Pipeline.Microorganisms · 2023Article
- An OmpW-dependent T4-like phage infectsMicrobial genomics · 2023Article
- Article
- Bacteriophage strategies for overcoming host antiviral immunity.Frontiers in microbiology · 2023Review
- Biology and evolution of bacterial toxin-antitoxin systems.Nature reviews. Microbiology · 2022Review
- Identification, functional characterization, assembly and structure of ToxIN type III toxin-antitoxin complex from E. coli.Nucleic acids research · 2022Article
- Identification, Characterization, and Genomic Analysis of NovelInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2020Article
- Tackling Intrinsic Antibiotic Resistance in Serratia Marcescens with A Combination of Ampicillin/Sulbactam and Phage SALSA.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020Article
- Review
- The arms race between bacteria and their phage foes.Nature · 2020Review
- The bacterial Type III toxin-antitoxin system, ToxIN, is a dynamic protein-RNA complex with stability-dependent antiviral abortive infection activity.Scientific reports · 2018Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Abortive infection is an anti-phage mechanism employed by a bacterium to initiate its own death upon phage infection. This reduces, or eliminates, production of viral progeny and protects clonal siblings in the bacterial population by an act akin to an "altruistic suicide." Abortive infection can be mediated by a Type III toxin-antitoxin system called ToxIN
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.