ArticleHead and neck pathology2018
Usefulness of NKX2.2 Immunohistochemistry for Distinguishing Ewing Sarcoma from Other Sinonasal Small Round Blue Cell Tumors.
Article in Head and neck pathology, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 26 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
26 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Introducing fluorescence guided surgery into orthopedic oncology: A systematic review of candidate protein targets for Ewing sarcoma.Journal of surgical oncology · 2018Pooled it
- (Immuno-)Histological Analysis of Ewing Sarcoma.Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) · 2027Article
- Cutaneous basaloid neoplasms with epithelial differentiation and EWSR1-fusions: a series of four cases.Virchows Archiv : an international journal of pathology · 2026Article
- Proceedings of the 2026 North American Society of Head and Neck Pathology Companion Meeting, San Antonio, TX, March 22, 2026: It's a Trap!: Diagnostic Pitfalls in Sinonasal Pathology.Head and neck pathology · 2026Review
- Lumbar Ewing's Sarcoma Mimicking a Herniated Disc in a Young Adult: A Case Report.International medical case reports journal · 2026Article
- Presumptive Ewing Sarcoma of the Jejunum Presenting with Metastatic Disease: A Case Report and Focused Narrative Review.International medical case reports journal · 2026Article
- Adamantinoma-like Ewing sarcoma with NRAS Q61R mutation-a hitherto unreported mutation in a case from the nasal cavity.Virchows Archiv : an international journal of pathology · 2025Article
- A 29-year-old woman with right lower lid mass.Digital journal of ophthalmology : DJO · 2025Article
- Article
- EWS/FLI1 Characterization, Activation, Repression, Target Genes and Therapeutic Opportunities in Ewing Sarcoma.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Molecular and biologic biomarkers of Ewing sarcoma: A systematic review.Journal of bone oncology · 2023Review
- Top 10 Basaloid Neoplasms of the Sinonasal Tract.Head and neck pathology · 2023Review
- Teratocarcinosarcoma of the head and neck: Clinicopathologic review of a rare entity.Rare tumors · 2023Review
- Unclassified Neuroendocrine Tumor with a Novel CHD4::AFF2 Fusion: Expanding the Family of AFF2-Rearranged Head and Neck Malignancies.Head and neck pathology · 2022Article
- Epigenetic and Transcriptional Signaling in Ewing Sarcoma-Disease Etiology and Therapeutic Opportunities.Biomedicines · 2022Review
- Does PAX7 and NKX2.2 immunoreactivity in Ewing sarcoma have prognostic significance?Virchows Archiv : an international journal of pathology · 2022Article
- Dysregulated heparan sulfate proteoglycan metabolism promotes Ewing sarcoma tumor growth.eLife · 2022Article
- SALL-4 and Beta-Catenin Expression in Sinonasal Teratocarcinosarcoma.Head and neck pathology · 2022Article
- Proceedings of the North American Society of Head and Neck Pathology, Los Angeles, CA, March 20, 2022. Emerging Bone and Soft Tissue Neoplasms in the Head and Neck Region.Head and neck pathology · 2022Review
- Update from the 5th Edition of the World Health Organization Classification of Head and Neck Tumors: Nasal Cavity, Paranasal Sinuses and Skull Base.Head and neck pathology · 2022Review
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Abstract
NKX2.2 is a new immunohistochemical marker that has been reported to be sensitive and specific for Ewing sarcoma (ES). It has not, however, been investigated specifically in the sinonasal small round blue cell tumor (SRBCT) differential diagnosis which includes many tumors specific to that site. It has also not been investigated in the newly recognized "adamantinoma-like" variant of ES. Immunohistochemistry for NKX2.2 was performed on 170 poorly differentiated sinonasal neoplasms: 73 squamous cell carcinomas (67 poorly differentiated, non-keratinizing, or basaloid types and 6 nasopharyngeal carcinomas), 46 olfactory neuroblastomas, 8 sinonasal undifferentiated carcinomas (SNUCs), 6 melanomas, 7 Ewing sarcomas, 6 SMARCB1-deficient carcinomas, 6 teratocarcinosarcomas, 5 alveolar rhabdomyosarcomas, 4 solid adenoid cystic carcinomas, 4 NK/T cell lymphomas, 3 NUT carcinomas, and 2 small cell carcinomas. NKX2.2 was positive in 7 of 7 (100%) Ewing sarcomas, including 3 adamantinoma-like variant (all diffuse, 5 strong and 2 weak). It was also positive in 5 of 6 (83%) teratocarcinosarcomas (strong, but focal), 12 of 46 (26%) olfactory neuroblastomas (diffuse, 2 strong and 10 weak), 4 of 6 melanomas (2 diffuse, 2 focal, all weak), and 1 of 2 small cell carcinomas (diffuse and strong). All squamous cell carcinomas, NUT carcinomas, SMARCB1-deficient carcinomas, SNUCs, solid adenoid cystic carcinomas, NK/T cell lymphomas, and alveolar rhabdomyosarcomas were negative. In the sinonasal SRBCT differential diagnosis, NKX2.2 is a useful and very sensitive marker for Ewing sarcoma, including the treacherous adamantinoma-like variant. At the same time, it is not entirely specific, as it will be positive in a subset of other neuroendocrine/neuroectodermal tumors. As a result, NKX2.2 must be utilized as part of an immunohistochemical panel with other markers, especially cytokeratins, melanoma markers, and CD99.
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