ArticleBMJ open2017
How sustainable household environment and knowledge of healthy practices relate to childhood morbidity in South Asia: analysis of survey data from Bangladesh, Nepal and Pakistan.
Article in BMJ open, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 32 citations in OpenAlex.
- Negative effects of short birth interval on child mortality in low- and middle-income countries: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Journal of global health · 2022Pooled it
- Multidimensional energy poverty and childhood respiratory health across 26 low and lower middle income countries.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Water Facility Type and Acute Respiratory Infections in Under-Five Children: Insights From a Hospital-Based Case-Control Study.Health science reports · 2026Article
- Exposure to Fine Particulate Air Pollution and Risk of Adverse Health Outcomes in Women and Children in Bangladesh.Current environmental health reports · 2025Review
- Prevalence of ARI, fever, and diarrhea among under-five children and the influencing factors in southwestern coastal region of Bangladesh.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Women wash practices and household diarrhea among rural indigenous Kumal community of Nepal: a cross-sectional study.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Prevalence and Determinants of Diarrhea, Fever, and Coexistence of Diarrhea and Fever in Children Under-Five in Bangladesh.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Multidimensional energy poverty and acute respiratory infection in children under 5 years of age: evidence from 22 low-income and middle-income countries.Journal of epidemiology and community health · 2023Article
- Differentials in the Prevalence of Acute Respiratory Infections Among Under-Five Children: An Analysis of 37 Sub-Saharan Countries.Global pediatric health · 2023Article
- Prevalence of acute respiratory infections among children in India: Regional inequalities and risk factors.Maternal and child health journal · 2022Article
- Household Microenvironment and Under-Fives Health Outcomes in Uganda: Focusing on Multidimensional Energy Poverty and Women Empowerment Indices.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
- The impact of Ethiopian community-based health extension program on diarrheal diseases among under-five children and factors associated with diarrheal diseases in the rural community of Kalu district, Northeast Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study.BMC health services research · 2022Article
- Individual- and Community-Level Factors Associated with Diarrhea in Children Younger Than Age 5 Years in Bangladesh: Evidence from the 2014 Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey.Current therapeutic research, clinical and experimental · 2022Article
- The association of religion with maternal and child health outcomes in South Asian countries.PloS one · 2022Article
- Differences in levels of E. coli contamination of point of use drinking water in Bangladesh.PloS one · 2022Article
- Impact of change in household environment condition on morbidity in India: Evidence from longitudinal data.PloS one · 2021Article
- Diarrhea in under Five Year-Old Children in Nepal: A Spatiotemporal Analysis Based on Demographic and Health Survey Data.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2020Article
- Correlates of childhood morbidity in Nigeria: Evidence from ordinal analysis of cross-sectional data.PloS one · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectivesPrevalence of diarrhoea and acute respiratory infection (ARI) is considerably high among South Asian children. The objective of this study is to compare the associations of sustainable household environment and knowledge of healthy practices with episodes of these diseases among the children in the region.
designThe study analysed the latest, nationally representative and cross-sectional Demographic and Health Survey data.
settingData from three countries were analysed: Bangladesh, Nepal and Pakistan.
participantsWomen aged between 12 and 49 years living in selected households provided information on 23 940 of their children under the age of 5 years. PRIMARY OUTCOMES MEASURES: The morbidity status of the children was recorded with respect to episodes of diarrhoea and/or ARI in the 2 weeks preceding data collection.
resultsConsuming unhygienic drinking water increased the risks of childhood diarrhoea, and use of solid fuel for indoor cooking increased the risk of ARI, across all three countries investigated. However, far more significant were the effects of mother's education, with incomplete primary education leading to an odds of diarrhoea approaching twice that of a mother with secondary education or higher (OR 1.70 in Bangladesh, 95% CI 1.16 to 2.49).
conclusionsResults from the current research underline the importance of developing and implementing integrated strategic plans for mothers and children in the countries investigated. Promoting hygienic water and sanitation facilities can help reduce the prevalence of childhood diarrhoea. Replacing indoor solid fuel cooking arrangements with cleaner fuel or more airy conditions can help reduce the prevalence of ARI. However, these strategies need to be integrated with education for women to raise the likelihood that reduced risks are actually realised.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.