SynthesisJournal of clinical hypertension (Greenwich, Conn.)2017
Association between duration of oral contraceptive use and risk of hypertension: A meta-analysis.
Synthesis in Journal of clinical hypertension (Greenwich, Conn.), 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 36 papers, 7 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
36 citing papers in PubMed, 7 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Brazilian Guideline on Menopausal Cardiovascular Health - 2024.Arquivos brasileiros de cardiologia · 2024Guideline
- The effects of oral contraceptives on resting autonomic function and the autonomic response to physiological stressors: a systematic review.Clinical autonomic research : official journal of the Clinical Autonomic Research Society · 2023Pooled it
- Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System in Women Using Combined Oral Contraceptive: A Systematic Review.Revista brasileira de ginecologia e obstetricia : revista da Federacao Brasileira das Sociedades de Ginecologia e Obstetricia · 2022Pooled it
- Association of Hormonal Contraceptive Use With Adverse Health Outcomes: An Umbrella Review of Meta-analyses of Randomized Clinical Trials and Cohort Studies.JAMA network open · 2022Pooled it
- Clinical practice guideline of the Interamerican Society of Cardiology on primary prevention of cardiovascular disease in women.Archivos de cardiologia de Mexico · 2022Guideline
- Oral Contraceptive Use and Increased Risk of Stroke: A Dose-Response Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies.Frontiers in neurology · 2019Pooled it
- Association between duration of oral contraceptive use and risk of hypertension: A meta-analysis.Journal of clinical hypertension (Greenwich, Conn.) · 2017Pooled it
- Effect of oral hormonal contraceptive pill use on the hemodynamic response to the cold pressor test.American journal of physiology. Heart and circulatory physiology · 2022Trial
- Menopause Hormone Therapy in Women With Cardiovascular Risk Factors or Established Ischemic Heart Disease: A Joint FIGO and WHF Position Paper.Global heart · 2026Review
- Hypertension in Bangladesh: women surpass men at younger ages than worldwide.Journal of global health · 2025Article
- The use of oral contraceptives and the risks of developing prehypertension and hypertension in women of reproductive age: findings from a population-based survey in Indonesia.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Association between combined oral contraceptive prescription and cervical artery dissection: A retrospective cohort study.Thrombosis research · 2025Article
- Pregnancy in Women Receiving Maintenance Dialysis.Kidney medicine · 2025Review
- Oral contraceptives in adolescents: a retrospective population-based study on blood pressure and metabolic dysregulation.European journal of clinical pharmacology · 2024Article
- Association between the use of oral contraceptives and the occurrence of systemic hypertension: A systematic review with statistical comparison between randomized clinical trial interventions.European journal of obstetrics & gynecology and reproductive biology: X · 2024Review
- Brazilian Guideline on Menopausal Cardiovascular Health - 2024.Revista brasileira de ginecologia e obstetricia : revista da Federacao Brasileira das Sociedades de Ginecologia e Obstetricia · 2024Article
- Opportunities and challenges: interleukin-22 comprehensively regulates polycystic ovary syndrome from metabolic and immune aspects.Journal of ovarian research · 2023Review
- Oral Contraceptive Pills and Hypertension: A Review of Current Evidence and Recommendations.Hypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979) · 2023Review
- Fasting blood glucose, blood pressure and body mass index among combined oral contraceptive users in Chencha town Southern Ethiopia, 2019.Frontiers in global women's health · 2023Article
- Hypertension Across a Woman's Life Cycle.Current hypertension reports · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
A meta-analysis was conducted to evaluate the association between duration of oral contraceptive use and risk of hypertension. Relevant studies published in English or Chinese were identified by a search of PubMed, Web of Science, Wanfang Database, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure to January 2017. Seventeen articles containing 24 studies with 270,284 participants were included in this meta-analysis. The pooled relative risk of hypertension for the highest vs lowest category of oral contraceptive duration was 1.47 (95% confidence interval, 1.25-1.73), and excluding three studies with a relative risk >3.0 yielded a pooled relative risk of 1.26 (95% confidence interval, 1.11-1.44). A linear dose-response relationship was found (P
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.