ArticleEuropean archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience2018
ADHD modulates the course of delinquency: a 15-year follow-up study of young incarcerated man.
Article in European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 28 papers.
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Who cites it
28 citing papers in PubMed.
- Review
- Mediating roles of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder symptom severity and self-control on the relationship between adverse childhood experiences and adult aggression.Journal of neural transmission (Vienna, Austria : 1996) · 2026Article
- Screening-positive attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder symptoms among incarcerated individuals in Paraguay: prevalence, psychological correlates, and criminological context.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2026Article
- The Interplay Between Juvenile Delinquency and ADHD: A Systematic Review of Social, Psychological, and Educational Aspects.Behavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Adult ADHD predicts intimate partner violence perpetration and victimization irrespective of gender and age.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Factors Affecting Recidivism in Children Drawn into Crime.Turk psikiyatri dergisi = Turkish journal of psychiatry · 2025Article
- Article
- Article
- Lost diagnoses? A multi-year trajectory of patients with childhood ADHD in the criminal justice system in Switzerland.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2024Article
- Risk of Criminal Justice System Interactions in Young Adults with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: Findings From a National Birth Cohort.Journal of attention disorders · 2023Article
- Functional Impairments Associated With ADHD in Adulthood and the Impact of Pharmacological Treatment.Journal of attention disorders · 2023Review
- Offence type and neurodiversity: A comparison of 12-17-year-old boys charged with a criminal offence by diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder or both.Criminal behaviour and mental health : CBMH · 2022Article
- The predictive and incremental validity of ADHD beyond the VRAG-R in a high-risk sample of young offenders.European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience · 2022Article
- Young Adulthood Outcomes of Joint Mental Health Trajectories: A Group-Based Trajectory Model Analysis of a 13-Year Longitudinal Cohort Study.Child psychiatry and human development · 2022Article
- ADHD symptom profiles, intermittent explosive disorder, adverse childhood experiences, and internalizing/externalizing problems in young offenders.European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience · 2022Article
- Screening for ADHD Symptoms among Criminal Offenders: Exploring the Association with Clinical Features.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Mental Health in Young Detainees Predicts Perpetration of and Desistance From Serious, Violent and Chronic Offending.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2022Article
- Psychiatric disorders and comorbidity in a Spanish sample of prisoners at the end of their sentence: Prevalence rates and associations with criminal history.Frontiers in psychology · 2022Article
- The association between adverse childhood experiences and mental health problems in young offenders.European child & adolescent psychiatry · 2021Article
- ADHD and offending.Journal of neural transmission (Vienna, Austria : 1996) · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
There is growing evidence of an association between ADHD and rule-breaking behaviour and that subjects with ADHD are more likely to be involved in the legal system. However, the research on ADHD as a risk factor not only for delinquency but also for recidivism is scarce and findings are controversial. Therefore, we explored the impact of ADHD on the course of delinquency in a sample of incarcerated young men. We conducted a 15-year follow-up study by investigating the criminal records of 106 former youth prisoners. Criminal recidivism was operationalized through three variables: criminal recidivism; frequency of recidivism; and time to recidivism. The incremental predictive validity of ADHD was analysed using survival analysis and controlled for confounders associated with recidivism. Offenders with ADHD (n = 74) reoffended 2.5 times faster and showed a higher rate of recidivism and further incarcerations compared to non-ADHD offenders (n = 33), even when controlling for general risk factors such as antisocial personality disorder. Median survival rate ranged between 6 and 7 months in the ADHD groups and 25 months in the non-ADHD group. Our results revealed that ADHD has an incremental predictive power on criminal recidivism, even above general risk factors. Moreover, the criminogenic influence of ADHD appeared to be crucial in terms of the interplay of childhood ADHD, irrespectively of the persistence of the symptomatology into later life. Our findings therefore highlight the importance of early intervention and consequently prevention.
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