ArticleDementia and geriatric cognitive disorders extra
Disease Progression in Mild Dementia due to Alzheimer Disease in an 18-Month Observational Study (GERAS): The Impact on Costs and Caregiver Outcomes.
Article in Dementia and geriatric cognitive disorders extra. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 26 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
26 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 47 citations in OpenAlex.
- Activities of Daily Living and Associated Costs in the Most Widespread Neurodegenerative Diseases: A Systematic Review.Clinical interventions in aging · 2020Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Effects of comprehensive intervention on life quality among the elderly with Alzheimer Disease and their caregivers based on mixed models.Nursing open · 2022Trial
- Behavioral Interventions to Increase Physical Activity Among Dementia Caregivers: A Narrative Review of Behavior Theory, Behavior Change Techniques, and Mechanisms of Behavior Change.Geriatrics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Multicomponent Behavior Change Technique Intervention for Caregivers of People With Alzheimer Disease and Related Dementias: Protocol for a Single-Arm, Personalized Behavioral Trial to Disrupt Sedentary Time.JMIR research protocols · 2026Article
- Protocol for a single-arm, multi-component behavior change technique (BCT) intervention to develop a walking habit among caregivers for persons with Alzheimer disease and related dementias (ADRD).Contemporary clinical trials · 2026Article
- Impact of family function on psychological distress and its threshold effect in informal caregivers of elderly people with dementia.BMC nursing · 2025Article
- Global Societal Burden of Alzheimer's Disease by Severity: a Targeted Literature Review.Neurology and therapy · 2025Review
- Longitudinal Trajectories of Stress and Positive Aspects of Dementia Caregiving: Findings From the IDEAL Programme.The journals of gerontology. Series B, Psychological sciences and social sciences · 2024Article
- 2024 Alzheimer's disease facts and figures.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2024Article
- Comparison Between Burden of Care Partners of Individuals with Alzheimer's Disease Versus Individuals with Other Chronic Diseases.Neurology and therapy · 2023Review
- Development and Psychometric Validation of the 27 Item Zarit Caregiver Interview for Alzheimer's Disease (ZCI-AD-27).Current Alzheimer research · 2023Article
- The Humanistic and Economic Burden of Alzheimer's Disease.Neurology and therapy · 2022Review
- Virtual Therapy with the NMDA Antagonist Memantine in Hippocampal Models of Moderate to Severe Alzheimer's Disease, in Silico Trials.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Computational Modeling of Therapy with the NMDA Antagonist in Neurodegenerative Disease: Information Theory in the Mechanism of Action of Memantine.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
- Economic and caregiver impact of Alzheimer's disease across the disease spectrum: a cohort study.Alzheimer's research & therapy · 2022Article
- Demonstration of Clinical Meaningfulness of the Integrated Alzheimer's Disease Rating Scale (iADRS): Association Between Change in iADRS Scores and Patient and Caregiver Health Outcomes.Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD · 2022Article
- Total cost of care increases significantly from early to mild Alzheimer's disease: 5-year ALSOVA follow-up.Age and ageing · 2021Article
- Assessing the Progression of Alzheimer's Disease in Real-World Settings in Three European Countries.Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD · 2021Article
- Quality of Life and Caregiver Burden of Alzheimer's Disease Among Community Dwelling Patients in Europe: Variation by Disease Severity and Progression.Journal of Alzheimer's disease reports · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
11 authors at 11 institutions in 7 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
BACKGROUND/
aimsWe assessed whether cognitive and functional decline in community-dwelling patients with mild Alzheimer disease (AD) dementia were associated with increased societal costs and caregiver burden and time outcomes.
methodsCognitive decline was defined as a ≥3-point reduction in the Mini-Mental State Examination and functional decline as a decrease in the ability to perform one or more basic items of the Alzheimer's Disease Cooperative Study Activities of Daily Living Inventory (ADCS-ADL) or ≥20% of instrumental ADL items. Total societal costs were estimated from resource use and caregiver hours using 2010 costs. Caregiver burden was assessed using the Zarit Burden Interview (ZBI); caregiver supervision and total hours were collected.
resultsOf 566 patients with mild AD enrolled in the GERAS study, 494 were suitable for the current analysis. Mean monthly total societal costs were greater for patients showing functional (+61%) or cognitive decline (+27%) compared with those without decline. In relation to a typical mean monthly cost of approximately EUR 1,400 at baseline, this translated into increases over 18 months to EUR 2,254 and 1,778 for patients with functional and cognitive decline, respectively. The number of patients requiring supervision doubled among patients showing functional or cognitive decline compared with those not showing decline, while caregiver total time increased by 70 and 33%, respectively and ZBI total score by 5.3 and 3.4 points, respectively.
conclusionCognitive and, more notably, functional decline were associated with increases in costs and caregiver outcomes in patients with mild AD dementia.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.