Trial reportMedicine and science in sports and exercise2017
Age Modulates Physiological Responses during Fan Use under Extreme Heat and Humidity.
Trial report in Medicine and science in sports and exercise, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 46 citations in OpenAlex.
- Meta-analysis of heat-induced changes in cardiac function from over 400 laboratory-based heat exposure studies.Nature communications · 2025Pooled it
- Evaluating low-energy cooling strategies on thermal and cardiac strain in older adults exposed to very hot and dry heat with accompanying activities of daily living.Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985) · 2025Trial
- Effect of pedestal fan use on serum stress biomarkers in older adults exposed to simulated daylong indoor overheating.Physiological reports · 2025Trial
- Effects of Daylong Exposure to Indoor Overheating on Thermal and Cardiovascular Strain in Older Adults: A Randomized Crossover Trial.Environmental health perspectives · 2024Trial
- Pulmonary function responses to extreme heat exposure in younger and older adults.American journal of physiology. Regulatory, integrative and comparative physiology · 2025Article
- Validating new limits for human thermoregulation.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025Article
- Sociodemographic Determinants of Extreme Heat and Ozone Risk Among Older Adults in 3 Sun Belt Cities.The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences · 2024Article
- Experimental research in environmentally induced hyperthermic older persons: A systematic quantitative literature review mapping the available evidence.Temperature (Austin, Tex.) · 2024Article
- Indoor overheating: A review of vulnerabilities, causes, and strategies to prevent adverse human health outcomes during extreme heat events.Temperature (Austin, Tex.) · 2024Review
- Age alters the thermoregulatory responses to extreme heat exposure with accompanying activities of daily living.Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985) · 2023Article
- Higher Temperatures in Socially Vulnerable US Communities Increasingly Limit Safe Use of Electric Fans for Cooling.GeoHealth · 2023Article
- Effects of wetted inner clothing on thermal strain in young and older males while wearing ventilation garments.Frontiers in physiology · 2023Article
- Electric fans: A potential stay-at-home cooling strategy during the COVID-19 pandemic this summer?The Science of the total environment · 2020Article
- Burn Injury Does Not Exacerbate Heat Strain during Exercise while Wearing Body Armor.Medicine and science in sports and exercise · 2020Article
- COVID-19 and thermoregulation-related problems: Practical recommendations.Temperature (Austin, Tex.) · 2020Review
- Keeping older individuals cool in hot and moderately humid conditions: wetted clothing with and without an electric fan.Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985) · 2020Article
- Activity modification in heat: critical assessment of guidelines across athletic, occupational, and military settings in the USA.International journal of biometeorology · 2019Article
- Towards establishing evidence-based guidelines on maximum indoor temperatures during hot weather in temperate continental climates.Temperature (Austin, Tex.) · 2019Review
- Folic acid supplementation does not attenuate thermoregulatory or cardiovascular strain of older adults exposed to extreme heat and humidity.Experimental physiology · 2018Article
- Age alters cardiac autonomic modulations during and following exercise-induced heat stress in females.Temperature (Austin, Tex.) · 2018Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 5 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
Abstract
purposeWe examined the effect of electric fan use on cardiovascular and thermoregulatory responses of nine young (26 ± 3 yr) and nine aged (68 ± 4 yr) adults exposed to extreme heat and humidity.
methodsWhile resting at a temperature of 42°C, relative humidity increased from 30% to 70% in 2% increments every 5 min. On randomized days, the protocol was repeated without or with fan use. HR, core (Tcore) and mean skin (Tsk) temperatures were measured continuously. Whole-body sweat loss was measured from changes in nude body weight. Other measures of cardiovascular (cardiac output), thermoregulatory (local cutaneous and forearm vascular conductance, local sweat rate), and perceptual (thermal and thirst sensations) responses were also examined.
resultsWhen averaged over the entire protocol, fan use resulted in a small reduction of HR (-2 bpm, 95% confidence interval [CI], -8 to 3), and slightly greater Tcore (+0.05°C; 95% CI, -0.13 to 0.23) and Tsk (+0.03°C; 95% CI, -0.36 to 0.42) in young adults. In contrast, fan use resulted in greater HR (+5 bpm; 95% CI, 0-10), Tcore (+0.20°C; 95% CI, 0.00-0.41), and Tsk (+0.47°C; 95% CI, 0.18-0.76) in aged adults. A greater whole-body sweat loss during fan use was observed in young (+0.2 kg; 95% CI, -0.2 to 0.6) but not aged (0.0 kg; 95% CI, -0.2 to 0.2) adults. Greater local sweat rate and cutaneous vascular conductance were observed with fan use in aged adults. Other measures of cardiovascular, thermoregulatory, and perceptual responses were unaffected by fan use in both groups.
conclusionsDuring extreme heat and humidity, fan use elevates physiological strain in aged, but not young, adults.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
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