ArticleAlcoholism, clinical and experimental research2017
Facial Curvature Detects and Explicates Ethnic Differences in Effects of Prenatal Alcohol Exposure.
Article in Alcoholism, clinical and experimental research, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers.
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Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 41 citations in OpenAlex.
- Mutations in the bone morphogenetic protein signaling pathway sensitize zebrafish and humans to ethanol-induced jaw malformations.Disease models & mechanisms · 2025Article
- OXSeg: Multidimensional Attention UNet-Based Lip Segmentation Using Semi-Supervised Lip Contours.IEEE access : practical innovations, open solutions · 2025Article
- Bone morphogenetic protein signaling pathway- Ethanol interactions disrupt palate formation independent of gata3.Reproductive toxicology (Elmsford, N.Y.) · 2025Article
- Machine learning approaches to the identification of children affected by prenatal alcohol exposure: A narrative review.Alcohol, clinical & experimental research · 2024Review
- Secondary physical features in children with FASD.European journal of medical genetics · 2024Article
- Chronic paternal alcohol exposures induce dose-dependent changes in offspring craniofacial shape and symmetry.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2024Article
- Predicting fetal alcohol spectrum disorders in preschool-aged children from early life factors.Alcohol, clinical & experimental research · 2024Article
- Ultrasound measurements of fetal facial profile markers and their associations with congenital malformations during early pregnancy.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2023Article
- Predicting Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders Using Machine Learning Techniques: Multisite Retrospective Cohort Study.Journal of medical Internet research · 2023Article
- Racial/Ethnic Disparity in Association Between Fetal Alcohol Syndrome and Alcohol Intake During Pregnancy: Multisite Retrospective Cohort Study.JMIR public health and surveillance · 2023Article
- Comparison of three systems for the diagnosis of fetal alcohol spectrum disorders in a community sample.Alcohol, clinical & experimental research · 2023Article
- A systematic review: facial, dental and orthodontic findings and orofacial diagnostics in patients with FASD.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2023Review
- Identifying Prenatal Alcohol Exposure and Children Affected by It: A Review of Biomarkers and Screening Tools.Alcohol research : current reviews · 2023Review
- Facial Anatomical Landmark Detection Using Regularized Transfer Learning With Application to Fetal Alcohol Syndrome Recognition.IEEE journal of biomedical and health informatics · 2022Article
- Prenatal alcohol exposure disrupts Sonic hedgehog pathway and primary cilia genes in the mouse neural tube.Reproductive toxicology (Elmsford, N.Y.) · 2021Article
- Increased facial asymmetry in focal epilepsies associated with unilateral lesions.Brain communications · 2021Article
- Asymmetry-index and orthodontic facial analysis of children with foetal alcohol syndrome using 3D-facial scans.Pediatric research · 2020Observational
- Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders: A Review of the Neurobehavioral Deficits Associated With Prenatal Alcohol Exposure.Alcoholism, clinical and experimental research · 2019Review
- Combined Face-Brain Morphology and Associated Neurocognitive Correlates in Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders.Alcoholism, clinical and experimental research · 2018Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
13 authors at 9 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundOur objective is to help clinicians detect the facial effects of prenatal alcohol exposure by developing computer-based tools for screening facial form.
methodsAll 415 individuals considered were evaluated by expert dysmorphologists and categorized as (i) healthy control (HC), (ii) fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS), or (iii) heavily prenatally alcohol exposed (HE) but not clinically diagnosable as FAS; 3D facial photographs were used to build models of facial form to support discrimination studies. Surface curvature-based delineations of facial form were introduced.
results(i) Facial growth in FAS, HE, and control subgroups is similar in both cohorts. (ii) Cohort consistency of agreement between clinical diagnosis and HC-FAS facial form classification is lower for midline facial regions and higher for nonmidline regions. (iii) Specific HC-FAS differences within and between the cohorts include: for HC, a smoother philtrum in Cape Coloured individuals; for FAS, a smoother philtrum in Caucasians; for control-FAS philtrum difference, greater homogeneity in Caucasians; for control-FAS face difference, greater homogeneity in Cape Coloured individuals. (iv) Curvature changes in facial profile induced by prenatal alcohol exposure are more homogeneous and greater in Cape Coloureds than in Caucasians. (v) The Caucasian HE subset divides into clusters with control-like and FAS-like facial dysmorphism. The Cape Coloured HE subset is similarly divided for nonmidline facial regions but not clearly for midline structures. (vi) The Cape Coloured HE subset with control-like facial dysmorphism shows orbital hypertelorism.
conclusionsFacial curvature assists the recognition of the effects of prenatal alcohol exposure and helps explain why different facial regions result in inconsistent control-FAS discrimination rates in disparate ethnic groups. Heavy prenatal alcohol exposure can give rise to orbital hypertelorism, supporting a long-standing suggestion that prenatal alcohol exposure at a particular time causes increased separation of the brain hemispheres with a concomitant increase in orbital separation.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.