ArticlePharmaceutical research2017
On the Road to Development of an in Vitro Permeation Test (IVPT) Model to Compare Heat Effects on Transdermal Delivery Systems: Exploratory Studies with Nicotine and Fentanyl.
Article in Pharmaceutical research, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed, 25 citations in OpenAlex.
- Development of an In Vitro Permeation Test Framework For Naloxone Hydrochloride Intranasal Spray: Establishing IVIVR for Bioequivalence Assessment.Pharmaceutical research · 2026Article
- Evaluation of in vitro Skin Permeation of Clascoterone From Clascoterone Topical Cream, 1% (w/w).AAPS PharmSciTech · 2024Article
- Guidelines for Rational Clinical Use of Fentanyl Transdermal Patch.Drug design, development and therapy · 2024Article
- In Vitro-In Vivo Correlation of Buprenorphine Transdermal Systems Under Normal and Elevated Skin Temperature.Pharmaceutical research · 2023Article
- Understanding Formulation and Temperature Effects on Dermal Transport Kinetics by IVPT and Multiphysics Simulation.Pharmaceutical research · 2022Article
- Evaluation of Heat Effects on Fentanyl Transdermal Delivery Systems Using In Vitro Permeation and In Vitro Release Methods.Journal of pharmaceutical sciences · 2020Article
- Modeling Temperature-Dependent Dermal Absorption and Clearance for Transdermal and Topical Drug Applications.The AAPS journal · 2020Article
- Effect of Controlled Heat Application on Topical Diclofenac Formulations Evaluated by In Vitro Permeation Tests (IVPT) Using Porcine and Human Skin.Pharmaceutical research · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
purposeAt elevated temperatures, the rate of drug release and skin permeation from transdermal delivery systems (TDS) may be higher than at a normal skin temperature. The aim of this study was to compare the effect of heat on the transdermal delivery of two model drugs, nicotine and fentanyl, from matrix-type TDSs with different formulations, using in vitro permeation tests (IVPT).
methodsIVPT experiments using pig skin were performed on two nicotine and three fentanyl TDSs. Both continuous and transient heat exposures were investigated by applying heat either for the maximum recommended TDS wear duration or for short duration.
resultsContinuous heat exposure for the two nicotine TDSs resulted in different effects, showing a prolonged heat effect for one product but not the other. The J
conclusionsThis exploratory work suggests that an IVPT study may be able to discriminate differences in transdermal drug delivery when different TDS are exposed to elevated temperatures. However, the clinical significance of IVPT heat effects studies should be further explored by conducting in vivo clinical studies with similar study designs.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.