Observational studyJournal of pediatric gastroenterology and nutrition2017
Early Antibiotic Exposure in Low-resource Settings Is Associated With Increased Weight in the First Two Years of Life.
Observational study in Journal of pediatric gastroenterology and nutrition, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 27 citations in OpenAlex.
- Infant Growth After Mass Administration of Azithromycin: Secondary Outcomes of a Cluster Randomized Clinical Trial.JAMA network open · 2026Trial
- Effect of 3 Days of Oral Azithromycin on Young Children With Acute Diarrhea in Low-Resource Settings: A Randomized Clinical Trial.JAMA network open · 2021Trial
- Effect of Antibiotics on Short-Term Growth among Children in Burkina Faso: A Randomized Trial.The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene · 2018Trial
- Early-Life Antibiotics and Childhood Obesity: Yeast Probiotics as a Strategy to Modulate Gut Microbiota.Cureus · 2023Review
- Factors influencing receipt of an antibiotic prescription among insured patients in Tanzania: a cross-sectional study.BMJ open · 2022Article
- Effects of early-life penicillin exposure on the gut microbiome and frontal cortex and amygdala gene expression.iScience · 2021Article
- Gut Microbiota: The Missing Link BetweenFrontiers in endocrinology · 2021Review
- Genetic Diversity of the Flavohemoprotein Gene ofInfection and drug resistance · 2020Article
- Determinants of linear growth faltering among children with moderate-to-severe diarrhea in the Global Enteric Multicenter Study.BMC medicine · 2019Article
- Unexpected drug residuals in human milk in Ankara, capital of Turkey.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2019Article
- Genetic variation in metronidazole metabolism and oxidative stress pathways in clinicalInfection and drug resistance · 2019Article
- Disentangling Microbial Mediators of Malnutrition: Modeling Environmental Enteric Dysfunction.Cellular and molecular gastroenterology and hepatology · 2019Review
- Use of quantitative molecular diagnostic methods to investigate the effect of enteropathogen infections on linear growth in children in low-resource settings: longitudinal analysis of results from the MAL-ED cohort study.The Lancet. Global health · 2018Article
- New Insights into the Pathogenesis and Treatment of Malnutrition.Gastroenterology clinics of North America · 2018Review
- Association between early life antibiotic use and childhood overweight and obesity: a narrative review.Global health, epidemiology and genomics · 2018Review
- The Intersection of Immune Responses, Microbiota, and Pathogenesis in Giardiasis.Trends in parasitology · 2017Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
23 authors at 13 institutions in 10 countries.
Funding
Abstract
objectivesThe potential growth-promoting effects of antibiotics are not well understood among undernourished children in environments with high pathogen exposure. We aimed to assess whether early antibiotic exposure duration and class were associated with growth to 2 years of age across 8 low-resource sites in the MAL-ED birth cohort study.
methodsWe followed 1954 children twice per week from birth to 2 years to record maternally reported antibiotic exposures and measure anthropometry monthly. We estimated the associations between antibiotic exposure before 6 months of age and weight-for-age and length-for-age (LAZ) z scores to 2 years. We assessed the impact of class-specific exposures and duration, and compared these results to effects of antibiotic exposures after 6 months of age.
resultsAntibiotic use before 6 months of age was associated with increased weight from 6 months to 2 years, whereas associations with length were less consistent across sites and antibiotic classes. Compared to unexposed children, 2 or more courses of metronidazole, macrolides, and cephalosporins were associated with adjusted increases in weight-for-age of 0.24 (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.04, 0.43), 0.23 (95% CI: 0.05, 0.42), and 0.19 (95% CI: 0.04, 0.35) from 6 months to 2 years, respectively.
conclusionsAntibiotic use in low-resource settings was most associated with the ponderal growth of children who had multiple exposures to antibiotics with broad spectrum and anaerobic activity in early infancy. Opportunities for rational and targeted antibiotic therapy in low resource settings may also promote short-term weight gain in children, although longer-term physical growth and metabolic impacts are unknown.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.