ReviewProgress in retinal and eye research2017
Dopamine signaling and myopia development: What are the key challenges.
Review in Progress in retinal and eye research, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 223 papers, 6 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
223 citing papers in PubMed, 6 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 371 citations in OpenAlex.
- Biological mechanisms of atropine in myopia control (Review).Molecular medicine reports · 2026Pooled it
- Effects of table tennis on vision in children and adolescents: a multilevel dose-response meta-analysis.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Pooled it
- The relationship between green space and myopia in children and adolescents: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in public health · 2026Pooled it
- Effects of repeated low-level red light therapy on myopia progression in children: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in medicine · 2025Pooled it
- Conjunctival ultraviolet autofluorescence as a biomarker of outdoor exposure in myopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Scientific reports · 2024Pooled it
- Dynamic changes in ocular shape during human development and its implications for retina fovea formation.BioEssays : news and reviews in molecular, cellular and developmental biology · 2024Pooled it
- The Effect of Light Intensity and the Timing of Light Exposure on Choroidal Thickness.Ophthalmic & physiological optics : the journal of the British College of Ophthalmic Opticians (Optometrists) · 2026Trial
- The efficacy and safety of combined 0.01% atropine and orthokeratology for childhood myopia control: a 2-year randomized clinical trial.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2026Trial
- Retinal Function in Young Adults Following Topical Application of Levodopa to the Eye.Translational vision science & technology · 2024Trial
- Identification of candidate genes and pathways in retinopathy of prematurity by whole exome sequencing of preterm infants enriched in phenotypic extremes.Scientific reports · 2021Trial
- Subtype-Specific Efficacy of Adrenoceptor Agonists in Inhibiting Lens-Induced Myopia in Chicks.Ophthalmic & physiological optics : the journal of the British College of Ophthalmic Opticians (Optometrists) · 2026Article
- Cyclic stretch increases transglutaminase 2-mediated serotonylation of extracellular fibronectin in cultured optic nerve head astrocytes: a pilot study.Matrix biology plus · 2026Article
- Dopamine inhibits retinal pathological neovascularization in the oxygen-induced retinopathy mouse model.The Journal of pathology · 2026Article
- Variations of axial eye shortening in response to positive defocus over the day.Journal of optometry · 2026Article
- Aberrant Functional Lateralization and Interhemispheric Synergy in High Myopia: Insights From Neurotransmitter Distribution Signatures and Machine Learning Classification.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2026Article
- Dopamine receptors in ocular surface biology: Current evidence and future directions.Indian journal of ophthalmology · 2026Review
- Dual-Hit Myopia Mechanism Unveiled by Multi-Omics: Opn1mw Deficiency Primed the Retina for Exaggerated Response to Environmental Defocus.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2026Article
- Molecular Mechanisms of Photobiomodulation in Retinal Diseases: Cytochrome c Oxidase, Mitochondrial Bioenergetics and Cytoprotective Signalling.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Differential regulation of myopia progression by ON and OFF stimulation in guinea pigs.Eye and vision (London, England) · 2026Article
- Light intensity and light/dark cycles regulate refractive development and myopia in mice through circadian rhythm-related genes.Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie · 2026Article
163 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
In the face of an "epidemic" increase in myopia over the last decades and myopia prevalence predicted to reach 2.5 billion people by the end of this decade, there is an urgent need to develop effective and safe therapeutic interventions to slow down this "myopia booming" and prevent myopia-related complications and vision loss. Dopamine (DA) is an important neurotransmitter in the retina and mediates diverse functions including retina development, visual signaling, and refractive development. Inspired by the convergence of epidemiological and animal studies in support of the inverse relationship between outdoor activity and risk of developing myopia and by the close biological relationship between light exposure and dopamine release/signaling, we felt it is timely and important to critically review the role of DA in myopia development. This review will revisit several key points of evidence for and against DA mediating light control of myopia: 1) the causal role of extracellular retinal DA levels, 2) the mechanism and action of dopamine D1 and D2 receptors and 3) the roles of cellular/circuit retinal pathways. We examine the experiments that show causation by altering DA, DA receptors and visual pathways using pharmacological, transgenic, or visual environment approaches. Furthermore, we critically evaluate the safety issues of a DA-based treatment strategy and some approaches to address these issues. The review identifies the key questions and challenges in translating basic knowledge on DA signaling and myopia from animal studies into effective pharmacological treatments for myopia in children.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.