ArticleOncology letters2017
IL-6 and TNF-α promote metastasis of lung cancer by inducing epithelial-mesenchymal transition.
Article in Oncology letters, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 79 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
79 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 122 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Intriguing Connection Between the Gut and Lung Microbiomes.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Pooled it
- Trial
- From COPD and asthma to lung cancer: potential candidate genes and their associated biological pathways for the incidence risk of lung cancer.Journal, genetic engineering & biotechnology · 2026Article
- Design and synthesis of novel thiazole/1,2,4-triazole/quinoline hybrids as antiproliferative agents, apoptosis inducers, immunomodulators, and multi-EGFR/BRAFMolecular diversity · 2026Article
- Review
- Fisetin-loaded Nanoemulsion and Fecal Microbiome Extract Enhance In Vitro Inhibition of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Progression.Cell biochemistry and biophysics · 2026Article
- Compound 17 Inhibits Lung Cancer Progression via Inducing Cellular Apoptosis and Blocking TNF Signaling Pathway Activation.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Integrative network pharmacology and experimental validation of multi-target synergy against multidrug-resistant klebsiella pneumoniae via PI3K/AKT-MAPK pathway disruption.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2026Article
- Microbiome modulation of tumorigenesis and immune responses.Journal of biomedical science · 2026Review
- Molecular mechanisms of therapeutic resistance in areca nut-associated oral squamous cell carcinoma: the interplay of chronic inflammation and epithelial-mesenchymal transition.Frontiers in oncology · 2026Review
- Article
- IL-6 promotes metastasis and EMT of non-small cell lung cancer cells by up-regulating FGL1 via STAT3 pathway.Translational cancer research · 2025Article
- Characterizing the impact of podophyllotoxin on pulmonary toxicity and gut-lung microbiota interactions in SD rats based on TEC concept.Microbiology spectrum · 2025Article
- Royal jelly and doxorubicin suppressed tumor cells in the xenograft model of lung cancer via the STAT3/FOXM1/ATG7 signaling pathways in athymic nude mice: a biochemical, immunohistochemically and molecular approach.Toxicology research · 2025Article
- Review
- Investigating T Cell Immune Dynamics and IL-6's Duality in a Microfluidic Lung Tumor Model.ACS applied materials & interfaces · 2025Article
- Overexpression of IL-6 and STAT3 may provide new insights into ovine pulmonary adenocarcinoma development.BMC veterinary research · 2025Article
- A prognostic nutritional index-based nomogram for predicting postoperative survival in stages I-III rectal cancer patients.Frontiers in nutrition · 2025Article
- The Relationship Between IL-6 and IL-10 Expression Levels and the Prognosis in B-Cell Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma Patients Treated with R-CHOP.Journal of inflammation research · 2025Article
- A Model of Combination Therapy of Lewis Lung Carcinoma using Resection and Cytostatics.Bulletin of experimental biology and medicine · 2025Article
19 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The characteristics of cancer cells, such as invasiveness, are affected by the tumor microenvironment. Studies have shown that interleukin (IL)-6 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α regulate the proliferation of lung cancer. However, few studies have focused on the effects of IL-6 and TNF-α on metastasis of lung cancer. The present study was designed to investigate whether IL-6 and TNF-α can promote metastasis of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Sixty-five tumor and matched adjacent tissue samples from patients with NSCLC and corresponding serum samples were collected. Thirty serum samples from healthy subjects were selected as controls. Real-time PCR and western blot analysis were used to measure IL-6, TNF-α, vimentin, E-cadherin, and N-cadherin expression in tissue samples; ELISA was used to measure IL-6 and TNF-α expression in serum samples. The correlation of serum levels of IL-6 and TNF-α with the clinical stage was analyzed; the correlation of IL-6 and TNF-α levels in serum with these tissues was analyzed; the correlation of serum levels of IL-6 and TNF-α with lymph node metastasis and distant metastasis was analyzed. Expression of IL-6 and TNF-α were significantly increased compared with controls in both serum and tissue; IL-6 and TNF-α levels were positively correlated with lymph node metastasis and distant metastasis; IL-6 and TNF-α levels were negatively correlated with E-cadherin level and were positively correlated with N-cadherin and vimentin levels. In conclusion, IL-6 and TNF-α can induce epithelial-mesenchymal transition, and subsequently promote metastasis of lung cancer. Anti-inflammation should be considered for the treatment of lung cancer.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.