ArticleBritish journal of clinical pharmacology2017
External adjustment of unmeasured confounders in a case-control study of benzodiazepine use and cancer risk.
Article in British journal of clinical pharmacology, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Hypnotics and Risk of Cancer: A Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2020Pooled it
- Benzodiazepines interfere with the efficacy of pembrolizumab-based cancer immunotherapy. Results of a nationwide cohort study including over 50,000 participants with advanced lung cancer.Oncoimmunology · 2025Article
- ACBP/DBI neutralization for the prevention and treatment of malignant and non-malignant liver diseases.Cell death & disease · 2025Review
- Benzodiazepines compromise the outcome of cancer immunotherapy.Oncoimmunology · 2024Article
- Mortality after Transplantation for Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Study from the European Liver Transplant Registry.Liver cancer · 2020Article
- Benzodiazepine drug use and cancer risk: a dose-response meta analysis of prospective cohort studies.Oncotarget · 2017Article
- External adjustment of unmeasured confounders in a case-control study of benzodiazepine use and cancer risk.British journal of clinical pharmacology · 2017Article
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
Abstract
aimsPrevious studies have reported diverging results on the association between benzodiazepine use and cancer risk.
methodsWe investigated this association in a matched case-control study including incident cancer cases during 2002-2009 in the Danish Cancer Registry (n = 94 923) and age- and sex-matched (1:8) population controls (n = 759 334). Long-term benzodiazepine use was defined as ≥500 defined daily doses 1-5 years prior to the index date. We implemented propensity score (PS) calibration using external information on confounders available from a survey of the Danish population. Two PSs were used: The error-prone PS using register-based confounders and the calibrated PS based on both register- and survey-based confounders, retrieved from the Health Interview Survey.
resultsRegister-based data showed that cancer cases had more diagnoses, higher comorbidity score and more co-medication then population controls. Survey-based data showed lower self-rated health, more self-reported diseases, and more smokers as well as subjects with sedentary lifestyle among benzodiazepine users. By PS calibration, the odds ratio for cancer overall associated with benzodiazepine use decreased from 1.16 to 1.09 (95% confidence interval 1.00-1.19) and for smoking-related cancers from 1.20 to 1.10 (95% confidence interval 1.00-1.21).
conclusionWe conclude that the increased risk observed in the solely register-based study could partly be attributed to unmeasured confounding.
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