ArticleJournal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD2017
A Mitochondrial Biomarker-Based Study of S-Equol in Alzheimer's Disease Subjects: Results of a Single-Arm, Pilot Trial.
Article in Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 30 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
30 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 54 citations in OpenAlex.
- Utilization of fluid-based biomarkers as endpoints in disease-modifying clinical trials for Alzheimer's disease: a systematic review.Alzheimer's research & therapy · 2024Pooled it
- Effects of soy isoflavones on cognitive function: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.Nutrition reviews · 2020Pooled it
- Effects of the SGLT2 inhibitor dapagliflozin in early Alzheimer's disease: A randomized controlled trial.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2025Trial
- Gut-Brain Signaling in Parkinson's Disease: A Narrative Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- A blood based mitochondrial functional index biomarker for Alzheimer's disease.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2025Article
- Role of isoflavones in multiple sclerosis.IBRO neuroscience reports · 2025Review
- Tau-Mitochondria Interactions in Neurodegeneration: Mechanisms and Therapeutic Potential.Cellular and molecular neurobiology · 2025Review
- Estrogen Modulation of B Cell Immunity: Implications for HIV Control and Therapeutic Strategies.Comprehensive physiology · 2025Review
- Insights into therapeutic approaches for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases targeting metabolic syndrome.Molecular biology reports · 2025Review
- Energy metabolism in health and diseases.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2025Review
- Biomarker-Based Precision Therapy for Alzheimer's Disease: Multidimensional Evidence Leading a New Breakthrough in Personalized Medicine.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Review
- Review
- Posttreatment with PaPE-1 Protects from Aβ-Induced Neurodegeneration Through Inhibiting the Expression of Alzheimer's Disease-Related Genes and Apoptosis Process That Involves Enhanced DNA Methylation of Specific Genes.Molecular neurobiology · 2024Article
- Deciphering the Mysterious Relationship between the Cross-Pathogenetic Mechanisms of Neurodegenerative and Oncological Diseases.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Modifiable Innate Biology within the Gut-Brain Axis for Alzheimer's Disease.Biomedicines · 2022Review
- Pharmacologic enrichment of exosome yields and mitochondrial cargo.Mitochondrion · 2022Article
- Targeting whole body metabolism and mitochondrial bioenergetics in the drug development for Alzheimer's disease.Acta pharmaceutica Sinica. B · 2022Review
- Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Alzheimer's Disease: Opportunities for Drug Development.Current neuropharmacology · 2022Article
- Mitochondrial Membrane Potential Influences Amyloid-β Protein Precursor Localization and Amyloid-β Secretion.Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD · 2022Article
- Mitochondria-Targeted Therapeutics for Alzheimer's Disease: The Good, the Bad, the Potential.Antioxidants & redox signaling · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Reductions in bioenergetic fluxes, mitochondrial enzyme activities, and mitochondrial number are observed in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Preclinical work indicates estrogen pathway signaling by either estrogen or selective β estrogen receptor (ERβ) agonists benefits these parameters. To assess whether an ERβ agonist could improve mitochondrial function in actual AD subjects, we administered S-equol (10 mg twice daily) to 15 women with AD and determined the platelet mitochondria cytochrome oxidase (COX) activity before initiating S-equol (lead-in), after two weeks of S-equol (active treatment), and two weeks after stopping S-equol (wash-out). Because the intra-individual variation of this enzyme across samples taken at different times was unknown we used a nonparametric, single-arm, dichotomous endpoint that classified subjects whose active treatment COX activity exceeded the average of their lead-in and wash-out measures as positive responders. Eleven positive responses were observed (p < 0.06). The implications of this finding on our null hypothesis (that S-equol does not influence platelet mitochondria COX activity) are discussed. To our knowledge, this is the first time a direct mitochondrial target engagement biomarker has been utilized in an AD clinical study.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.