Evidence map›Paper›PMID 28595627›Full record

ArticleReproductive health2017

Trends in use of and complications from intrauterine contraceptive devices and tubal ligation or occlusion.

Brandon Howard, ElizaBeth Grubb, Maureen J Lage, Boxiong Tang

Erratum issuedOpen access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Reproductive health, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 15 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
15citing papers in PubMed
2.0field-weighted citation impact, top 13% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

15 citing papers in PubMed, 29 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
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  6. Article
  7. Prevention of Epithelial Ovarian Cancer.Cold Spring Harbor perspectives in medicine · 2023
    Review
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Biomaterials and Contraception: Promises and Pitfalls.Annals of biomedical engineering · 2020
    Review
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Brandon HowardTeva Global Medical Affairs, 41 Moores Road, Frazer, PA, 19355, USA. Brandihoward@gmail.com.
ElizaBeth GrubbTeva Global Health Economics & Outcomes Research, 11100 Nall Ave, Overland Park, KS, 66211, USA.
Maureen J LageHealthMetrics Outcomes Research, 27576 River Reach Dr., Bonita Springs, FL, 34134, USA.
Boxiong TangTeva Global Health Economics & Outcomes Research, 41 Moores Road, Frazer, PA, 19355, USA.
Teva Pharmaceuticals (United States) · USHealth Outcomes Solutions (United States) · US

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundLong-acting reversible contraceptives such as intrauterine devices (IUDs) are highly effective in preventing pregnancy, cost effective, and increasing in popularity. It is unclear whether changes in IUD use are associated with changes in rates of irreversible tubal sterilization. In this analysis, we evaluate changes in rates of tubal sterilization, insertion of copper or levonorgestrel (LNG) IUDs, and related complications over time.

methodsData were obtained from a retrospective claims database (Optum

resultsThe number of women included in the analysis each year ranged from 1,870,675 to 2,016,916. Between 2006 and 2011, copper IUD insertion claim rates increased from 0.18 to 0.25% and LNG IUD insertion claim rates increased from 0.63 to 1.15%, while sterilization claims decreased from 0.78 to 0.66% (P < 0.0001 for all comparisons). Increases in IUD insertion were apparent in all age groups; decreases in tubal sterilization occurred in women aged 20 to 34 years. The most common side effects and complications were amenorrhea (7.36-11.59%), heavy menstrual bleeding (4.85-15.69%), and pelvic pain (11.12-14.27%). Significant increases in claims of certain complications associated with IUD insertion or sterilization were also observed.

conclusionBetween 2006 and 2011, a decrease in sterilization rates accompanied an increase in IUD insertion rates, suggesting that increasing numbers of women opted for reversible methods of long-term contraception over permanent sterilization.

Indexed as

AdolescentAdultAmenorrheaFemaleHumansIntrauterine DevicesMiddle AgedPregnancyRetrospective StudiesSterilization, TubalUterine HemorrhageYoung AdultCopper IUDLevonorgestrel IUDTubal sterilization

Identifiers

PMID28595627
PMCPMC5465441
OpenAlexW2624489097

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.