ArticlePloS one2017
Easy and non-invasive disease detection in pigs by adenosine deaminase activity determinations in saliva.
Article in PloS one, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 28 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Salivary Microbiota-Host Nexus: Unraveling Opportunities for Non-Invasive Monitoring of Health and Productivity in Farm Animals.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2026Review
- Evaluating fecal inflammation biomarkers for non-invasive detection of weaning-related intestinal inflammation in piglets.Journal of animal science · 2026Article
- Fecal intestinal inflammatory biomarkers in piglets: analytical validation, homogeneity and stability studies.Veterinary and animal science · 2025Article
- Salivary and serum haptoglobin, adenosine deaminase, and immunoglobulin G in growing pigs.Porcine health management · 2024Article
- Non-invasive methods for analysing pig welfare biomarkers.Veterinarni medicina · 2024Review
- Advances in Research on Pig Salivary Analytes: A Window to Reveal Pig Health and Physiological Status.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2024Review
- Pig Acute Phase Proteins as Non-Antibody Systemic Biomarkers of Intracellular Infections.Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) · 2024Article
- Influence of the circadian cycle, sex and production stage on the reference values of parameters related to stress and pathology in porcine saliva.Porcine health management · 2023Article
- The Connection Between Stress and Immune Status in Pigs: A First Salivary Analytical Panel for Disease Differentiation.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2022Article
- Dynamics of Salivary Adenosine Deaminase, Haptoglobin, and Cortisol in Lipopolysaccharide-Challenged Growing Pigs.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2021Article
- Characterization of total adenosine deaminase activity (ADA) and its isoenzymes in saliva and serum in health and inflammatory conditions in four different species: an analytical and clinical validation pilot study.BMC veterinary research · 2020Article
- Analytical characterization of trace elements (zinc, copper, cadmium, lead and selenium) in saliva of pigs under common pathological conditions in the field: a pilot study.BMC veterinary research · 2020Article
- Article
- Porcine Breed, Sex, and Production Stage Influence the Levels of Health Status Biomarkers in Saliva Samples.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2019Article
- Stability of selected enzymes in saliva of pigs under different storage conditions: a pilot study.The Journal of veterinary medical science · 2018Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The quantification of adenosine deaminase (ADA) in porcine saliva samples has been analyzed for its use as a marker of disease. First, an analytical validation of the enzymatic assay used for ADA measurements was performed. Afterwards, saliva samples were collected from 50 healthy animals and 64 animals with different symptoms of disease, which were divided into local inflammation, gastrointestinal disorder, respiratory disorder and growth retardation. To optimize ADA measurements, total ADA (tADA), specific ADA (sADA) and ADA isoforms 1 and 2 activities were calculated. Moreover, to preliminarily estimate the diagnostic value of tADA activity measurements for disease detection, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analyses was performed and compared to the results obtained for salivary acute phase proteins, haptoglobin (Hp) and C-reactive protein (CRP). The salivary levels of tADA activity were significantly elevated in animals with local inflammation, gastrointestinal disorder and respiratory disorder. The calculation of the different ADA activities did not provide additional information to tADA activity quantification for disease detection. The diagnostic value of tADA activity was superior to those observed for Hp and CRP measurements in the present study. It might be concluded that ADA analysis in saliva could be used as a simple, rapid, economic and non-invasive diagnostic tool in porcine production in field conditions.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.