ArticleThe British journal of ophthalmology2018
Growth of meibomian gland tissue after intraductal meibomian gland probing in patients with obstructive meibomian gland dysfunction.
Article in The British journal of ophthalmology, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers.
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Who cites it
25 citing papers in PubMed, 61 citations in OpenAlex.
- Randomized, double-masked, sham-controlled trial of efficacy and safety of quantum molecular resonance for treating meibomian gland dysfunction.Eye (London, England) · 2025Trial
- Efficacy of a 0.05% cyclosporine a topical nanoemulsion in dry eyes with obstructive meibomian gland dysfunction.Japanese journal of ophthalmology · 2022Trial
- Clinical results of Intraductal Meibomian gland probing combined with intense pulsed light in treating patients with refractory obstructive Meibomian gland dysfunction: a randomized controlled trial.BMC ophthalmology · 2019Trial
- Mechanisms and Safety of Therapeutic Strategies in Meibomian Gland Dysfunction: A Narrative Review.Ophthalmic research · 2026Review
- A modular and adaptable approach for automated morphological feature extraction in meibography images.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Dry Eye Disease: An Update on Changing Perspectives on Causes, Diagnosis, and Management.Cureus · 2024Review
- Meibomian Gland Probing Stimulates a Proliferative Epithelial Response Resulting in Duct Regeneration.Clinical ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2024Article
- Recent advances in age-related meibomian gland dysfunction (ARMGD).The ocular surface · 2023Review
- Meibomian gland stem/progenitor cells: The hunt for gland renewal.The ocular surface · 2023Article
- Dry Eye Disease Associated with Meibomian Gland Dysfunction: Focus on Tear Film Characteristics and the Therapeutic Landscape.Ophthalmology and therapy · 2023Review
- Ductal Hyperkeratinization and Acinar Renewal Abnormality: New Concepts on Pathogenesis of Meibomian Gland Dysfunction.Current issues in molecular biology · 2023Article
- Review of Literature on Intraductal Meibomian Gland Probing with Insights from the Inventor and Developer: Fundamental Concepts and Misconceptions.Clinical ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2023Review
- Spontaneous acinar and ductal regrowth after meibomian gland atrophy induced by deletion of FGFR2 in a mouse model.The ocular surface · 2022Article
- Successful reversal of neuropathic eye pain by treatment of occult ocular surface disease: Case series and implications.American journal of ophthalmology case reports · 2022Article
- Meibomian Gland Dysfunction: A Dermatological Perspective on Pathogenesis and Treatment Outlook.Clinical ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2021Article
- Meibography guided intraductal meibomian gland probing using real-time infrared video feed.The British journal of ophthalmology · 2020Article
- Non-pharmaceutical treatment options for meibomian gland dysfunction.Clinical & experimental optometry · 2020Review
- Novel Approaches for Imaging-Based Diagnosis of Ocular Surface Disease.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020Review
- Effects of chalazion and its treatments on the meibomian glands: a nonrandomized, prospective observation clinical study.BMC ophthalmology · 2020Observational
- Visible Meibomian Gland Structure Increases After Vectored Thermal Pulsation Treatment in Dry Eye Disease Patients with Meibomian Gland Dysfunction.Clinical ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeTo investigate the impact of meibomian gland probing (MGP) on meibomian gland (MG) area from the upper lids of patients with obstructive meibomian gland dysfunction (o-MGD).
methodsRetrospective study comparing pre-MGP/post-MGP non-contact infrared meibography results in patients with o-MGD, viewing signs of MG growth within total measurement field.
resultsPost-MGP meibography of 34 lids (19 patients, ≥4.5 to ≤12 months' follow-up) showed 41.2% with MG growth. Ten lids had meibographies suitable for analysis, showing significant collective (116 glands) increase in mean individual glandular area (MIGA) of 4.87% (p=0.0145). Four of 10 lids independently showed significant increase in MIGA, ranging from 10.70% to 21.13% (p<0.0001, p=0.0277, p=0.0292, p=0.0345), while six did not.At >12 and <25 months' follow-up, 16 lids (9 additional patients) had follow-up showing 25% with signs of MG growth. Analysis of three lids showed a significant collective (33 glands) increase in MIGA of 11.19% (p=0.0004). Two of three lids independently showed significant increase in MIGA of 13.73% and 20.00% (p=0.0097, p=0.0001). Collectively, for all 13 analysed lids (149 glands), there was a significant increase of 6.38% in total glandular area (p=0.0447) and a significant increase of 6.23% in MIGA (p=0.0003).
conclusionMGP was associated with increased MG tissue area and growth of atrophied MGs as viewed on meibography. MGP provides unequivocal physical proof of a patent meibum outflow tract through the natural orifice, and may promote glandular growth in part by direct mechanical establishment of a patent duct/orifice system.
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