Evidence map›Paper›PMID 28592249›Full record

ArticleBMC evolutionary biology2017

Ixora (Rubiaceae) on the Philippines - crossroad or cradle?

Cecilia I Banag, Arnaud Mouly, Grecebio Jonathan D Alejandro, Birgitta Bremer, Ulrich Meve, Guido W Grimm, Sigrid Liede-Schumann

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in BMC evolutionary biology, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
5.4field-weighted citation impact, top 5% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed, 23 citations in OpenAlex.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors at 5 institutions in 4 countries.

Cecilia I BanagDepartment of Biological Sciences, College of Science, University of Santo Tomas, España Boulevard, 1015, Manila, Philippines. cibanag@ust.edu.ph.
Arnaud MoulyUMR CNRS 6249 Chrono-environnement, Université Bourgogne - Franche-Comté, 16 Route de Gray, 25030, Besançon cedex, France.
Grecebio Jonathan D AlejandroDepartment of Biological Sciences, College of Science, University of Santo Tomas, España Boulevard, 1015, Manila, Philippines.
Birgitta BremerBergius Botanic Garden, Stockholm University, 106 91, Stockholm, Sweden.
Ulrich MeveDepartment of Plant Systematics, University of Bayreuth, Universitätstraße 30, 95440, Bayreuth, Germany.
Guido W Grimm, Orléans, France.
Sigrid Liede-SchumannDepartment of Plant Systematics, University of Bayreuth, Universitätstraße 30, 95440, Bayreuth, Germany.ORCID 0000-0003-2707-0335
University of Bayreuth · DEUniversity of Santo Tomas · PHCentre National de la Recherche Scientifique · FRStockholm University · SEUniversité d'Orléans · FR

Funding

Austrian Science Fund FWF M 1751
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThe Philippine archipelago is globally one of the most important model island systems for studying evolutionary processes. However, most plant species on this archipelago have not yet been studied in sufficient detail. The main aim of this study is to unravel the evolutionary history and biogeographic relationships of the Philippine members of the pantropical genus Ixora.

resultsThe complex plastid and nuclear divergence patterns in Philippine Ixora, documented using tree and network approaches, reveal a highly dynamic evolution in Ixora, involving several phases of radiation and recolonization. Philippine Ixora comprises at least five lineages, of which one is most closely related to species from Wallacea, and the remaining four to species from Asia.

conclusionsOur study highlights the importance of Philippine species for understanding phytogeographic patterns in the Indomalayan-Australasian eco-region. The overall genetic differentiation, as well as the incongruence between genealogies based on the biparentally inherited nucleome and the maternally inherited plastome in Ixora, reflect the complex tectonic history of the Philippine archipelago. The Ixora lineage related to Wallacean species supports the delimitation of different ecozones along Huxley's line, because it is absent from Palawan. The remaining four lineages are all allied with Asian taxa, reflecting several waves of colonization. Close relationships between some widespread Philippine species and locally adapted narrow endemics suggest that the widespread, genetically diverse species act as pools for the formation of new species in a process of ongoing speciation. Our results suggest that the species concepts of some of the more widespread taxa need to be revised.

Indexed as

AnimalsBiological EvolutionChloroplastsDNA, PlantGenetic VariationPhilippinesPhylogenyRubiaceaeSequence Analysis, DNADNA, PlantHuxley’s lineincomplete lineage sortingincongruent genealogiesisland biogeographyIxoramolecular systematicsPhilippinesphylogenyRubiaceaeWallace’s line

Identifiers

PMID28592249
PMCPMC5463362
OpenAlexW2624654291

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.