SynthesisMedicine2017
Impact of serum SP-A and SP-D levels on comparison and prognosis of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Synthesis in Medicine, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 43 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
43 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 78 citations in OpenAlex.
- Detection of rheumatoid arthritis-associated interstitial lung disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC pulmonary medicine · 2026Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Surfactant proteins levels in asthmatic patients and their correlation with severity of asthma: a systematic review.BMC pulmonary medicine · 2025Pooled it
- Update prognostic potency of surfactant protein D (SP-D) in the COVID-19 landscape: an In-depth meta-analytical exploration.Biomarkers in medicine · 2024Pooled it
- Serum surfactant protein D as a predictive biomarker for the efficacy of pirfenidone in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: a post-hoc analysis of the phase 3 trial in Japan.Respiratory research · 2020Trial
- Recent advances in pulmonary fibrosis: from lung surfactant to the immune connection.Respiratory research · 2026Review
- Article
- Toxicity of BEP chemotherapy in germ cell tumors: focus on immune-mediated bleomycin pulmonary toxicity in comparison with EP and VIP regimens.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Diagnosis of early idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: current status and future perspective.Respiratory research · 2025Review
- Circulating prostasin is an independent marker of mortality risk in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.ERJ open research · 2025Article
- Immunobiology of pulmonary fibrosis.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Clustering-aided prediction of outcomes in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.Respiratory research · 2024Article
- Controlled human exposures: a review and comparison of the health effects of diesel exhaust and wood smoke.Particle and fibre toxicology · 2024Review
- Biomarkers reflecting the pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, and guide therapeutic approach in systemic sclerosis: a narrative review.Clinical rheumatology · 2024Review
- Acute exacerbation of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis a narrative review primary focus on treatments.Journal of thoracic disease · 2024Review
- Circulating biomarkers and progression of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: data from the INMARK trial.ERJ open research · 2024Article
- Treating sleep-disordered breathing of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis patients with CPAP and nocturnal oxygen treatment. A pilot study : Sleep-disordered breathing treatment in IPF.Respiratory research · 2024Article
- Biomarkers in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: Current insight and future direction.Chinese medical journal pulmonary and critical care medicine · 2024Article
- Could SP-A and SP-D Serum Levels Predict COVID-19 Severity?International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- The fibroblast activation protein alpha as a biomarker of pulmonary fibrosis.Frontiers in medicine · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND
objectiveIdiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) has a poor prognosis in general; however, it is heterogeneous to detect relative biomarkers for predicting the disease progression. Serum biomarkers can be conveniently collected to detect and help to differentially diagnose IPF and predict IPF prognosis. This meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the use of serum surfactant proteins A and D (SP-A and SP-D) for differential diagnosis and prognosis of IPF.
methodsRelevant articles were searched in PubMed, Embase, and Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure databases and reviewed by 2 independent readers. Standard mean difference (SMD) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated to assess the difference in serum levels of SP-A/D among patients with IPF, when compared to patients with non-IPF interstitial lung disease (ILD), pulmonary infection, and healthy control. Hazard ratio (HR) and 95% CI were used to compare the relative risk of mortality.
resultsTwenty-one articles (totalling 1289 IPF patients) were included in final meta-analysis. Serum SP-A levels were significantly higher in patients with IPF than in patients with non-IPF ILD (SMD: 1.108 [0.584, 1.632], P < .001), or pulmonary infection (SMD: 1.320 [0.999, 1.640], P < .001) and healthy controls (SMD: 2.802 [1.901, 3.702], P < .001). There was no significant difference in serum SP-D levels between patients with IPF and those with non-IPF ILD patients (SMD: 0.459 [-0.000, 0.919], P = .050). Serum SP-D levels were significantly higher in patients with IPF than in patients with pulmonary infection (SMD: 1.308 [0.813, 1.803], P < .001) and healthy controls (SMD: 2.235 [1.739, 2.731], P < .001). Risk of death in patients with IPF and elevated serum SP-A was increased 39% compared to patients with low SP-A groups. Elevated SP-D increased risk by 111% when compared to low SP-D. In acute exacerbation of IPF, serum SP-A/D were higher than those in stable stage. The comparisons and prognosis might be different in Asian and Caucasian patients.
conclusionsSerum SP-A/D detection might be useful for differential diagnosis and prediction of survival in patients with IPF.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.