ArticleJournal of the American Geriatrics Society2017
Proton Pump Inhibitors and Risk of Mild Cognitive Impairment and Dementia.
Article in Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT05711810 (Cardiac Transfer of SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein Circulation Techniques - Medicine Induced Hemodialysis on "Vaccinated" Immune Attacks), which is not on this map. Cited by 46 papers, 6 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Cardiac Transfer of SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein Circulation Techniques - Medicine Induced Hemodialysis on "Vaccinated" Immune Attacks
Who cites it
46 citing papers in PubMed, 6 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 148 citations in OpenAlex.
- Proton Pump Inhibitor Use and Risk of Dementia: An Umbrella Review of Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses.Digestive diseases and sciences · 2026Pooled it
- No association between acid suppressant use and risk of dementia: an updated meta-analysis.European journal of clinical pharmacology · 2022Pooled it
- Effects of CYP2C19 genetic polymorphisms on the cure rates ofFrontiers in pharmacology · 2022Pooled it
- Proton pump inhibitors use and dementia risk: a meta-analysis of cohort studies.European journal of clinical pharmacology · 2020Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Proton Pump Inhibitors Versus H2 Blockers and the Risk of Incident Dementia in Adults Younger Than 65.Cureus · 2026Article
- Inconsistency in the Association Between Proton Pump Inhibitor Use and Dementia Risk: An Updated Meta-Analysis.Brain sciences · 2026Review
- Causal relationship between proton pump inhibitors and dementia risk: evidence from a Mendelian randomization study.European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience · 2025Article
- Exploring Potential Medications for Alzheimer's Disease with Psychosis by Integrating Drug Target Information into Deep Learning Models: A Data-Driven Approach.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- The impact of proton pump inhibitors on brain health based on cross-sectional findings from the Rhineland Study.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Medication Exposure and Risk of Dementia and Alzheimer's Disease.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Association between proton pump inhibitors and dementia risk: a Mendelian randomization study.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Proton Pump Inhibitors and Cognitive Health: Review on Unraveling the Dementia Connection and Co-morbid Risks.Current Alzheimer research · 2024Review
- Cumulative Use of Proton Pump Inhibitors and Risk of Dementia: The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study.Neurology · 2023Article
- Article
- Proton Pump Inhibitor Use and Cognitive Function in the Boston Puerto Rican Health Study.The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences · 2023Article
- Time-Varying Use of Proton Pump Inhibitors and Cognitive Impairment and Dementia: A Real-World Analysis from Germany.Drugs & aging · 2023Article
- Proton pump inhibitors and dementia: what association?Dementia & neuropsychologia · 2023Review
- Regular proton pump inhibitor use and incident dementia: population-based cohort study.BMC medicine · 2022Article
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectivesTo examine the risk associated with the use of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) of conversion to mild cognitive impairment (MCI), dementia, and specifically Alzheimer's disease (AD).
designObservational, longitudinal study.
settingTertiary academic Alzheimer's Disease Centers funded by the National Institute on Aging.
participantsResearch volunteers aged 50 and older with two to six annual visits; 884 were taking PPIs at every visit, 1,925 took PPIs intermittently, and 7,677 never reported taking PPIs. All had baseline normal cognition or MCI. MEASUREMENTS: Multivariable Cox regression analyses evaluated the association between PPI use and annual conversion of baseline normal cognition to MCI or dementia or annual conversion of baseline MCI to dementia, controlling for demographic characteristics, vascular comorbidities, mood, and use of anticholinergics and histamine-2 receptor antagonists.
resultsContinuous (always vs never) PPI use was associated with lower risk of decline in cognitive function (hazard ratio (HR) = 0.78, 95% confidence interval (CI) =0.66-0.93, P = .005) and lower risk of conversion to MCI or AD (HR = 0.82, 95% CI = 0.69-0.98, P = .03). Intermittent use was also associated with lower risk of decline in cognitive function (HR = 0.84, 95% CI = 0.76-0.93, P = .001) and risk of conversion to MCI or AD (HR = 0.82, 95% CI = 0.74-0.91, P = .001). This lower risk was found for persons with normal cognition or MCI.
conclusionProton pump inhibitors were not associated with greater risk of dementia or of AD, in contrast to recent reports. Study limitations include reliance on self-reported PPI use and lack of dispensing data. Prospective studies are needed to confirm these results to guide empirically based clinical treatment recommendations.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.