ArticleInvestigative ophthalmology & visual science2017
High Glucose Induces Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Retinal Müller Cells: Implications for Diabetic Retinopathy.
Article in Investigative ophthalmology & visual science, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 66 papers.
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Who cites it
66 citing papers in PubMed, 119 citations in OpenAlex.
- Regulation of Glutathione Peroxidase 4 in Diabetic Retinopathy.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Beyond Glucose: Palmitic Acid Influences VEGFA-VEGFR2 Angiogenic Signaling in Müller Glial Cells.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
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- Diabetic Retinopathy, a Comprehensive Overview on Pathophysiology and Relevant Experimental Models.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Mitochondrial Fragmentation and Long Noncoding RNAInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- BCAT1 Activation Reprograms Branched-Chain Amino Acid Metabolism and Epigenetically Promotes Inflammation in Diabetic Retinopathy.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2025Article
- MiR-125a-5p in MSC-derived small extracellular vesicles alleviates Müller cells injury in diabetic retinopathy by modulating mitophagy via PTP1B pathway.Cell death discovery · 2025Article
- Diabetic Retinopathy - Pathophysiology to Treatment: A Review.Current diabetes reviews · 2025Review
- Identification and validation of key mitophagy-related biomarkers in the pathogenesis of proliferative diabetic retinopathy.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2025Article
- Research Progress of Mitochondrial Dynamics and Autophagy in Diabetic Complications: New Treatment Strategies.Diabetes, metabolic syndrome and obesity : targets and therapy · 2025Review
- The immune-related plasma protein LAT2 as a protective modulator in diabetic retinopathy: a Mendelian randomization study.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2025Article
- Skeletal muscle microvascular hemodynamic responses during hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp in a Zucker Diabetic Sprague Dawley rat model of type 2 diabetes.Frontiers in physiology · 2025Article
- Role of MMP-9 and NF-κB in Diabetic Retinopathy: Progression and Potential Role of Bioflavonoids in the Mitigation of Diabetic Retinopathy.Current medicinal chemistry · 2025Review
- Proteomic Alterations in Retinal Müller Glial Cells Lacking Interleukin-6 Receptor: A Comprehensive Analysis.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2024Article
- Functional role of translocator protein and its ligands in ocular diseases (Review).Molecular medicine reports · 2024Review
- Modelling neurodegeneration and inflammation in early diabetic retinopathy using 3D human retinal organoids.In vitro models · 2024Article
- Exploring the Impact of Glycemic Control on Diabetic Retinopathy: Emerging Models and Prognostic Implications.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Review
- Coenzyme Q10 eyedrops conjugated with vitamin E TPGS alleviate neurodegeneration and mitochondrial dysfunction in the diabetic mouse retina.Frontiers in cellular neuroscience · 2024Article
- STZ-induced hyperglycemia differentially influences mitochondrial distribution and morphology in the habenulointerpeduncular circuit.Frontiers in cellular neuroscience · 2024Article
6 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Purpose: To investigate whether high glucose (HG) induces mitochondrial dysfunction and promotes apoptosis in retinal Müller cells. Methods: Rat retinal Müller cells (rMC-1) grown in normal (N) or HG (30 mM glucose) medium for 7 days were subjected to MitoTracker Red staining to identify the mitochondrial network. Digital images of mitochondria were captured in live cells under confocal microscopy and analyzed for mitochondrial morphology changes based on form factor (FF) and aspect ratio (AR) values. Mitochondrial metabolic function was assessed by measuring oxygen consumption rate (OCR) and extracellular acidification rate (ECAR) using a bioenergetic analyzer. Cells undergoing apoptosis were identified by differential dye staining and TUNEL assay, and cytochrome c levels were assessed by Western blot analysis. Results: Cells grown in HG exhibited significantly increased mitochondrial fragmentation compared to those grown in N medium (FF = 1.7 ± 0.1 vs. 2.3 ± 0.1; AR = 2.1 ± 0.1 vs. 2.5 ± 0.2; P < 0.01). OCR and ECAR were significantly reduced in cells grown in HG medium compared to those grown in N medium (steady state: 75% ± 20% of control, P < 0.02; 64% ± 22% of control, P < 0.02, respectively). These cells also exhibited a significant increase (∼2-fold) in the number of apoptotic cells compared to those grown in N medium (P < 0.01), with a concomitant increase in cytochrome c levels (247% ± 94% of control, P < 0.05). Conclusions: Findings indicate that HG-induced mitochondrial morphology changes and subsequent mitochondrial dysfunction may contribute to retinal Müller cell loss associated with diabetic retinopathy.
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