SynthesisSchizophrenia bulletin2017
Intranasal Oxytocin May Improve High-Level Social Cognition in Schizophrenia, But Not Social Cognition or Neurocognition in General: A Multilevel Bayesian Meta-analysis.
Synthesis in Schizophrenia bulletin, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT06945926 (The Effect of Oxytocin Nasal Spray on Preventing Postoperative Delirium in Elderly Patients Undergoing Orthopedic Surgery：Two-Stage Designs for Phase II Clinical Trials), which is not on this map. Cited by 36 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
The Effect of Oxytocin Nasal Spray on Preventing Postoperative Delirium in Elderly Patients Undergoing Orthopedic Surgery：Two-Stage Designs for Phase II Clinical Trials
Who cites it
36 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Pharmacological interventions for social cognitive impairments in schizophrenia: A systematic review and network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.European psychiatry : the journal of the Association of European Psychiatrists · 2026Pooled it
- Treatments for Social Interaction Impairment in Animal Models of Schizophrenia: A Critical Review and Meta-analysis.Schizophrenia bulletin · 2022Pooled it
- Risk of Depression in the Adolescent and Adult Offspring of Mothers With Perinatal Depression: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.JAMA network open · 2020Pooled it
- Null results of oxytocin and vasopressin administration on mentalizing in a large fMRI sample: evidence from a randomized controlled trial.Psychological medicine · 2023Trial
- Preliminary evidence that oxytocin does not improve mentalizing in women with schizophrenia.Hormones and behavior · 2021Trial
- Oxytocin Enhances an Amygdala Circuit Associated With Negative Symptoms in Schizophrenia: A Single-Dose, Placebo-Controlled, Crossover, Randomized Control Trial.Schizophrenia bulletin · 2020Trial
- Oxytocin increases eye gaze in schizophrenia.Schizophrenia research · 2019Trial
- Effects of oxytocin on empathy, introspective accuracy, and social symptoms in schizophrenia: A 12-week twice-daily randomized controlled trial.Schizophrenia research · 2019Trial
- Effects of Oxytocin on Emotion Recognition in Schizophrenia: A Randomized Double-Blind Pilot Study.Journal of clinical psychopharmacologyTrial
- Combined Oxytocin and Cognitive Behavioral Social Skills Training for Social Function in People With Schizophrenia.Journal of clinical psychopharmacologyTrial
- Social Working Memory: a Systematic Review.Neuropsychology review · 2026Review
- Endogenous oxytocin-linked heart-rate synchrony and social connection during live sports spectatorship.Translational psychiatry · 2026Article
- International perspective on social cognition in schizophrenia: current stage and the next steps.European psychiatry : the journal of the Association of European Psychiatrists · 2025Review
- Serotonin 4 receptor brain binding and oxytocin-promoted affective and social cognition in healthy women - A randomized controlled trial.Comprehensive psychoneuroendocrinology · 2024Article
- Intranasal Oxytocin Combined With Social Skills Training for Schizophrenia: An Add-on Randomized Controlled Trial.Schizophrenia bulletin open · 2024Article
- The Relevance of Animal Models of Social Isolation and Social Motivation for Understanding Schizophrenia: Review and Future Directions.Schizophrenia bulletin · 2023Review
- Electrode montage for transcranial direct current stimulation governs its effect on symptoms and functionality in schizophrenia.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2023Article
- Frequency-Tagging EEG of Superimposed Social and Non-Social Visual Stimulation Streams Provides No Support for Social Salience Enhancement after Intranasal Oxytocin Administration.Brain sciences · 2022Article
- Effect of Intranasal Oxytocin on Resting-state Effective Connectivity in Schizophrenia.Schizophrenia bulletin · 2022Article
- Progress and Pitfalls in Developing Agents to Treat Neurocognitive Deficits Associated with Schizophrenia.CNS drugs · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
Abstract
While there is growing interest in the potential for intranasal oxytocin (IN-OT) to improve social cognition and neurocognition (ie, nonsocial cognition) in schizophrenia, the extant literature has been mixed. Here, we perform a Bayesian meta-analysis of the efficacy of IN-OT to improve areas of social and neurocognition in schizophrenia. A systematic search of original research publications identified randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of IN-OT as a treatment for social and neurocognitive deficits in schizophrenia for inclusion. Standardized mean differences (SMD) and corresponding variances were used in multilevel Bayesian models to obtain meta-analytic effect-size estimates. Across a total of 12 studies (N = 273), IN-OT did not improve social cognition (SMD = 0.07, 95% credible interval [CI] = [-0.06, 0.17]) or neurocognition (SMD = 0.12, 95% CI = [-0.12, 0.34]). There was moderate between study heterogeneity for social cognition outcomes (τs= 0.12). Moderator analyses revealed that IN-OT had a significantly larger effect on high-level social cognition (ie, mentalizing and theory of mind) compared to low-level social cognition (ie, social cue perception) (b = 0.19, 95% CI = [0.05, 0.33]). When restricting our analysis to outcomes for high-level social cognition, there was a significant effect of IN-OT (SMD = 0.20, 95 % CI = [0.05, 0.33]) but the effect was not robust to sensitivity analyses. The present analysis indicates that IN-OT may have selective effects on high-level social cognition, which provides a more focused target for future studies of IN-OT.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.