Evidence map›Paper›PMID 28582431›Full record

ArticlePloS one2017

Hepatitis B genotypes and surface antigen mutants present in Pakistani blood donors.

Barbara J Harris, Vera Holzmayer, Huma Qureshi, Mohammad Ayyub Khan, Saleem Ahmed Khan, Nuzhat Salamat, Sarfaraz Jafri, Catherine A Brennan

Open access · goldAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in PloS one, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
11citing papers in PubMed
1.6field-weighted citation impact, top 17% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

11 citing papers in PubMed, 18 citations in OpenAlex.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.

Barbara J HarrisInfectious Diseases Research, Abbott Diagnostics, Abbott Park, IL, United States of America.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4050-2553
Vera HolzmayerInfectious Diseases Research, Abbott Diagnostics, Abbott Park, IL, United States of America.
Huma QureshiPakistan Medical Research Council, Islamabad, Pakistan.
Mohammad Ayyub KhanArmed Forces Institute of Transfusion, Rawalpindi, Pakistan.
Saleem Ahmed KhanArmed Forces Institute of Transfusion, Rawalpindi, Pakistan.
Nuzhat SalamatArmy Medical College, Rawalpindi, Pakistan.
Sarfaraz JafriHussaini Blood Bank, Karachi, Pakistan.
Catherine A BrennanInfectious Diseases Research, Abbott Diagnostics, Abbott Park, IL, United States of America.
Abbott Fund · USArmed Forces Institute of Pathology · PKArmy Medical College · PKPakistan Health Research Council · PK

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThe prevalence of chronic Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) infection is 2-4% in the Pakistani population, defining Pakistan as an intermediate prevalence country. In this study, hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) reactive blood donations were screened using a combination of serological and molecular methods to identify immune escape HBV mutant strains and to determine the HBV genotypes and subtypes present in Pakistan.

methodsBlood donations were collected at the Armed Forces Institute of Transfusion (AFIT) located in northern Pakistan and the Hussaini Blood Bank (HBB) located in the south. From 2009 to 2013 a total of 706,575 donations were screened with 2.04% (14,409) HBsAg reactive. A total of 2055 HBsAg reactive specimens, were collected and screened using a monoclonal antibody based research assay to identify immune escape mutants followed by PCR amplification and DNA sequencing to identify the mutation present. DNA sequences obtained from 192 specimens, including mutant candidates and wild type strains, were analyzed for escape mutations, genotype, and HBsAg subtype.

resultsMutations were identified in approximately 14% of HBsAg reactive donations. Mutations at HBsAg amino acid positions 143-145 are the most common (46%) with the mutation serine 143 to leucine the most frequently occurring change (28%). While regional differences were observed, the most prevalent HBV strains are subgenotypes of D with subgenotype D1/subtype ayw2 accounting for the majority of infections; 90.2% at AFIT and 52.5% at HBB.

conclusionsThe high frequency of immune escape HBV mutants in HBV infected Pakistani blood donors highlights the need for more studies into the prevalence of escape mutants. Differences between vaccinated and unvaccinated populations, the correlation of escape mutant frequency with genotype, and impact of escape mutations in different genotype backgrounds on the performance of commercially available HBsAg assays represent avenues for further investigation.

Indexed as

GenotypeMutationAdolescentAdultAgedBlood BanksBlood DonorsBlood TransfusionDNA, ViralDonor SelectionFemaleHepatitis BHepatitis B Surface AntigensHepatitis B virusHumansImmune EvasionDNA, ViralHepatitis B Surface Antigens

Identifiers

PMID28582431
PMCPMC5459465
OpenAlexW2623279564

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.